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• 2021

  Model checking reveals design issues leading to spurious actuation of nuclear instrumentation and control systems

  Pakonen, A., Buzhinsky, I. & Björkman, K., Jan 2021, In: Reliability Engineering and System Safety. 205, 107237.

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

  Open Access

  • Nuclear instrumentation
  • Nuclear industry
  • Model checking
  • Logic design
  • Control systems
• 2020

  Potential applications of model checking in probabilistic risk assessments

  Helminen, A. & Pakonen, A., 6 Feb 2020, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 13 p. (VTT Research Report; No. VTT-R-00017-20).

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

  Open Access

  File

  • Model checking
  • Risk assessment
  • Failure modes
  • Taxonomies
  • Software reliability
  24 Downloads (Pure)

• Symmetry Breaking in Model Checking of Fault-Tolerant Nuclear Instrumentation and Control Systems

  Buzhinsky, I. & Pakonen, A., 29 Oct 2020, In: IEEE Access. 8, p. 197684-197694

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

  Open Access

  File

  • Nuclear instrumentation
  • Model checking
  • Control systems
  • Formal verification
  • Redundancy
  2 Downloads (Pure)

• Transformation of non-standard nuclear I&C logic drawings to formal verification models

  Pakonen, A., Biswas, P. & Papakonstantinou, N., 18 Oct 2020, IECON 2020 : 46th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, p. 697-704

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  File

  • Formal verification
  • Model checking
  • XML
  • Semantics
  • Signal generators
  9 Downloads (Pure)
• 2019

  Coupling Model Checking and PSA: A Case Study

  Björkman, K. & Pakonen, A., 2019, Proceedings of the 29th European Safety and Reliability Conference, ESREL 2019. Beer, M. & Zio, E. (eds.). European Safety and Reliability Association (ESRA), p. 2789-2796 8 p.

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  Open Access

  • Model checking
  • Scalability
  • Boiling water reactors
  • Computer hardware
  • Large scale systems

• Model-Checking Detailed Fault-Tolerant Nuclear Power Plant Safety Functions

  Buzhinsky, I. & Pakonen, A., 1 Jan 2019, In: IEEE Access. 7, p. 162139-162156 18 p., 8892461.

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

  Open Access

  • Model checking
  • Nuclear power plants
  • Formal verification
  • Computer hardware
  • Fault tolerance
  2 Citations (Scopus)

• Verification of fault tolerant safety I&C systems using model checking

  Pakonen, A. & Buzhinsky, I., 1 Feb 2019, 2019 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT). IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, p. 969-974 6 p. (IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology).

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  File

  • Model checking
  • Computer hardware
  • Formal verification
  • Fault tolerance
  • Explosions
  2 Citations (Scopus)

  60 Downloads (Pure)
• 2018

  Counterexample visualization and explanation for function block diagrams

  Pakonen, A., Buzhinsky, I. & Vyatkin, V., 27 Sep 2018, Proceedings of 16th International Conference on Industrial Informatics: INDIN 2018. IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, p. 747-753 7 p. 8472025

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  Open Access

  File

  • Visualization
  • Diagrams
  • Specifications
  • Model Checking
  • Nuclear Industry
  4 Citations (Scopus)

  244 Downloads (Pure)

• Synthesis-Aided Reliability Assurance of Basic Block Models for Model Checking Purposes

  Buzhinsky, I., Pakonen, A. & Vyatkin, V., 2018, Proceedings - 2018 IEEE 27th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, ISIE 2018. IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, p. 669-674 6 p. 8433793

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  • Model checking
  • Specifications
  • Nuclear industry
  • Formal verification
  • Human engineering
  2 Citations (Scopus)
• 2017

  Explicit-state and symbolic model checking of nuclear I&C systems: A comparison

  Buzhinsky, I., Pakonen, A. & Vyatkin, V., 15 Dec 2017, Proceedings IECON 2017 - 43rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society: IECON 2017. IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, p. 5439-5446 8 p.

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  • Symbolic Model Checking
  • Model Checking
  • Model checking
  • Nuclear Power Plant
  • Instrumentation
  4 Citations (Scopus)

• Model checking as a protective method against spurious actuation of industrial control systems

  Pakonen, A. & Björkman, K., 1 Jan 2017, Safety and Reliability: Theory and Applications. Cepin, M. & Briš, R. (eds.). CRC Press, p. 3189-3196 8 p.

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  Open Access

  File

  • Model checking
  • Logic design
  • Nuclear industry
  • Control systems
  • Formal verification
  8 Citations (Scopus)

  59 Downloads (Pure)

• Practical applications of model checking in the Finnish nuclear industry

  Pakonen, A., Tahvonen, T., Hartikainen, M. & Pihlanko, M., 1 Jan 2017, 10th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human-Machine Interface Technologies, NPIC and HMIT 2017. American Nuclear Society (ANS), Vol. 2. p. 1342-1352 11 p.

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  Open Access

  • Nuclear industry
  • Model checking
  • Paramagnetic resonance
  • Nuclear power plants
  • Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA)
  13 Citations (Scopus)

• Scalable methods of discrete plant model generation for closed-loop model checking

  Buzhinsky, I., Pakonen, A. & Vyatkin, V., 15 Dec 2017, Proceedings IECON 2017 - 43rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, p. 5483-5488 6 p.

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  • Model Checking
  • Closed-loop
  • Model checking
  • Formal Methods
  • Automation
• 2016

  Integrating model checking and PRA: A novel safety assessment approach for digital I&C systems

  Lahtinen, J. & Björkman, K., 25 Nov 2016, Risk, Reliability and Safety: Innovating Theory and Practice. Walls, L., Revie, M. & Bedford, T. (eds.). CRC Press, 383

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  • Model checking
  • Risk assessment
  • Nuclear power plants
  • Reliability analysis

• Model Checking Large Nuclear Power Plant Safety System Designs: Dissertation

  Lahtinen, J., 2016, Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 230 p.

  Research output: Thesis › Dissertation › Collection of Articles

  Open Access

  • Model checking
  • Security systems
  • Nuclear power plants
  • Systems analysis
  • Risk assessment

• User-friendly formal specification languages - conclusions drawn from industrial experience on model checking

  Pakonen, A., Pang, C., Buzhinsky, I. & Vyatkin, V., 7 Nov 2016, Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA), 2016 IEEE 21st International Conference on. IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, p. 1-8

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  Open Access

  • Formal specification
  • Specification languages
  • Model checking
  • Nuclear industry
  • Formal methods
  13 Citations (Scopus)
• 2015

  Coupling model checking and PRA for safety analysis of digital I&C systems

  Björkman, K., Lahtinen, J., Tyrväinen, T. & Holmberg, J-E., 2015, International Topical Meeting on Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Analysis. Curran Associates Inc., p. 384-392

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  • Model checking
  • Risk assessment
  • Fault tree analysis
  • Nuclear power plants
  • Boiling water reactors

• Feasibility study on the integration of PRA methods and model checking

  Lahtinen, J. & Björkman, K., 2015, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 26 p. (VTT Research Report, Vol. VTT-R-04924-15).

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

  Open Access

  • Fault tree analysis
  • Model checking
  • Risk assessment
  • Formal methods
  • Software design

• Model checking of I&C software in the Loviisa NPP automation renewal project

  Pakonen, A., Valkonen, J., Matinaho, S. & Hartikainen, M., 2015, Automaatio XXI Proceedings. Finnish Society of Automation, (Suomen automaatioseura. Julkaisusarja, Vol. 44).

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific

  Open Access

  • Model checking
  • Automation
  • Nuclear industry
  • Formal methods
  • Simulation platform

• Supporting structure-based test design using model checking

  Lahtinen, J., 2015, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 19 p. (VTT Research Report, Vol. VTT-R-04004-15).

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

  Open Access

  • Model checking
  • Security systems
  • Fault detection
  • Testing
  • Defects

• Verifying large modular systems using iterative abstraction refinement

  Lahtinen, J., Kuismin, T. & Heljanko, K., 2015, In: Reliability Engineering and System Safety. 139, p. 120-130

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

  • Model checking
  • Specifications
  • Nuclear engineering
  • Formal methods
  • Systems analysis
  2 Citations (Scopus)
• 2014

  Automatic test set generation for function block based systems using model checking

  Lahtinen, J., 2014, Proceedings: 9th International Conference on the Quality of Information and Communications Technology, QUATIC 2014. IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, p. 216-225

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  • Model checking
  • Set theory
  • Nuclear instrumentation
  • Concretes
  • Testing
  5 Citations (Scopus)

• Model checking for licensing support in the Finnish nuclear industry

  Pakonen, A., Valkonen, J., Matinaho, S. & Hartikainen, M., 2014, ISOFIC/ISSNP 2014: International Symposium on Future I and C for Nuclear Power Plants/International Symposium on Symbiotic Nuclear Power Plants. Korean Nuclear Society, 9 p.

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Professional

  Open Access

  • Nuclear industry
  • Model checking
  • Nuclear power plants
  • Industry

• Verification-aided regression testing

  Pastore, F., Mariani, L., Hyvärinen, A. E. J., Fedyukovich, G., Sharygina, N., Sehestedt, S. & Muhammad, A., 2014, Proceedings of the 2014 International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis, ISSTA 2014. Association for Computing Machinery ACM, p. 37-48

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  • Testing
  • Model checking
  14 Citations (Scopus)
• 2013

  A Toolset for model checking of PLC software

  Pakonen, A., Mätäsniemi, T., Lahtinen, J. & Karhela, T., 2013, 2013 IEEE 18th Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA). IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, 6 p. 6648065

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  Open Access

  • Programmable logic controllers
  • Model checking
  • Formal verification
  • Specification languages
  19 Citations (Scopus)

• Error-free critical software through formal model checking

  Valkonen, J., Pakonen, A. & Lahtinen, J., 2013, Research highlights in safety and security. Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, p. 72-73 (VTT Research Highlights; No. 10).

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter or book article › Professional

  Open Access

  • Model checking
  • Formal methods
  • Automation
  • Systems analysis
  • Testing

• Ontology-Driven Natural Language Requirement Templates for Model Checking I&C Functions

  Tommila, T., Pakonen, A. & Valkonen, J., 2013, Enlarged Halden Programme Group Meeting: Proceedings of the Man-Technology-Organisation (MTO) Sessions. Halden, Norway: OECD Halden Reactor Project, Paper C4.13

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific

  • Model checking
  • Ontology
  • File editors
• 2012

  Emergency diesel generator control system verification by model checking and compositional minimization

  Lahtinen, J., Björkman, K., Valkonen, J. & Niemelä, I., 2012, Proceedings: Doctoral Workshop on Mathematical and Engineering Methods in Computer Science, MEMICS 2012. Czech Republic: Springer, p. 49-60 (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 7721).

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  • Model checking
  • Control systems
  • Formal methods
  • Programmable logic controllers
  • Large scale systems

• Model checking methodology for large systems, faults and asynchronous behaviour: SARANA 2011 work report

  Lahtinen, J., Launiainen, T., Heljanko, K. & Ropponen, J., 2012, Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 89 p. (VTT Technology; No. 12).

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

  Open Access

  • Model checking
  • Reliability analysis
  • Automation
  • Formal methods
  • Computer hardware

• Model checking of safety-critical software in the nuclear engineering domain

  Lahtinen, J., Valkonen, J., Björkman, K., Frits, J., Niemelä, I. & Heljanko, K., 2012, In: Reliability Engineering and System Safety. 105, p. 104-113 10 p.

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

  • Nuclear engineering
  • Model checking
  • Formal methods
  • Programmable logic controllers
  • Testing
  41 Citations (Scopus)

• Model checking reveals hidden errors in safety-critical I&C software

  Pakonen, A., Mätäsniemi, T. & Valkonen, J., 2012, Proceedings: 8th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control and Human-Machine Interface Technologies, NPIC & HMIT 2012. American Nuclear Society (ANS), Vol. 3. p. 1823-1834

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  • Model checking
  • Systems analysis
  • Formal methods
  • Nuclear power plants
  • Radiation

• Ontology-driven software engineering: Beyond model checking and transformations

  Katasonov, A., 2012, In: International Journal of Semantic Computing. 6, 2, p. 205-242 38 p.

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

  Open Access

  • Model checking
  • ontology
  • Ontology
  • Software engineering
  • software
  14 Citations (Scopus)
• 2011

  A dynamic flowgraph methodology approach based on binary decision diagrams

  Björkman, K. & Karanta, I., 2011, Proceedings of 2011 International Topical Meeting on Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Analysis, PSA 2011. La Grange Park, Illinois, 60526 USA: American Nuclear Society (ANS), p. 267-278

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  Open Access

  • Binary decision diagrams
  • Fault tree analysis
  • Boolean functions
  • Model checking
  • Data structures
  3 Citations (Scopus)

• Integrating Early V&V support to a GSE tool integration platform

  Pesola, J-P., Tanner, H., Eskeli, J., Parviainen, P. & Bendas, D., 2011, Proceedings: IEEE Sixth International Conference on Global Software Engineering Workshop, ICGSE 2011. Los Alamitos, CA, USA: IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, p. 95-101

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific

  • Model checking
  • Syntactics
  • Inspection
  • Defects
  • Testing
  6 Citations (Scopus)

• Model-based analysis of an automated changeover switching unit for a busbar: MODSAFE 2009 work report

  Björkman, K., Valkonen, J. & Ranta, J., 2011, Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 24 p. (VTT Working Papers; No. 177).

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

  Open Access

  • Busbars
  • Model checking
  • Formal methods
  • Finite automata
  • Programmable logic controllers

• Model-based Safety Evaluation of Automation Systems (MODSAFE): MODSAFE summary report

  Valkonen, J., Björkman, K., Lahtinen, J., Ranta, J., Frits, J., Heljanko, K. & Niemelä, I., 2011, SAFIR2010: The Finnish Research Programme on Safety 2007-2010: Final Report. Espo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, p. 55-65 (VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; No. 2571).

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter or book article › Professional

  Open Access

  • Automation
  • Model checking
  • Security systems
  • Formal methods
  • Testing
• 2010

  Analysis of an emergency diesel generator control system by compositional model checking: MODSAFE 2010 work report

  Lahtinen, J., Björkman, K., Valkonen, J., Frits, J. & Niemelä, I., 2010, Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 36 p. (VTT Working Papers; No. 156).

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

  Open Access

  • Model checking
  • Control systems
  • Formal methods
  • Programmable logic controllers
  • Inspection

• Integrating model checking with safety-critical I&C software design

  Pakonen, A., Lahtinen, J., Kuutti, V-P. & Karhela, T., 2010, Proceedings of 7th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control and Human-Machine Interface Technologies, NPIC & HMIT 2010. American Nuclear Society (ANS), Vol. 3. p. 1729-1740

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  Open Access

  • Model checking
  • Software design
  • Systems analysis
  • Formal methods
  • Computer hardware

• Model checking methodology for supporting safety critical software development and verification

  Lahtinen, J., Valkonen, J., Björkman, K. A., Frits, J. & Niemelä, I., 2010, Reliability, Risk and Safety: Back to the Future. Ale, B., Papazoglou, I. & Zio, E. (eds.). London: Taylor & Francis, p. 2056–2063

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  • Model checking
  • Software engineering
  • Formal methods
  • Systems analysis
  • Nuclear engineering
  2 Citations (Scopus)

• Model checking methodology for verification of safety logics

  Valkonen, J., Björkman, K., Frits, J. & Niemelä, I., 2010, Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Safety of Industrial Automated Systems, SIAS 2010. Finnish Society of Automation

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Professional

  • Model checking
  • Logic design
  • Formal methods
  • Programmable logic controllers
  • Systems analysis

• Tietokoneohjattujen järjestelmien luotettavuuden arviointi

  Karanta, I., Björkman, K., Holmberg, J-E. & Maskuniitty, M., 2010, SIAS 2010: The 6th International Conference on Safety of Industrial Automated Systems, Tampere, 14.-15.6.2010 . Helsinki: Finnish Society of Automation

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Professional

  • Control systems
  • Model checking
  • Reliability analysis
  • Nuclear power plants

• Verification of automated changeover swithcing unit by model checking

  Björkman, K., Valkonen, J. & Ranta, J., 2010, Proceedings of 7th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control and Human-Machine Interface Technologies, NPIC & HMIT 2010. LaGrange, Park, Illinois: American Nuclear Society (ANS), Vol. 3. p. 1719-1728

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  Open Access

  • Model checking
  • Automation
  • Busbars
  • Logic design
  • Relay protection
  2 Citations (Scopus)
• 2009

  Formal Verification of Safety Automation Logic Designs

  Valkonen, J., Koskimies, M., Björkman, K., Heljanko, K., Niemelä, I. & Hämäläinen, J., 2009, Automaatio XVIII. Helsinki: Finnish Society of Automation, 6 p.

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  • Logic design
  • Formal verification
  • Automation
  • Model checking
  • Finite automata

• Model-Based Analysis of a Stepwise Shutdown Logic. MODSAFE 2008 Work Report

  Björkman, K., Frits, J., Valkonen, J., Heljanko, K. & Niemelä, I., 2009, Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 41 p. (VTT Working Papers; No. 115).

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

  Open Access

  • Model checking
  • Finite automata
  • Logic design
  • Formal methods
  • Systems analysis

• Model-based safety evaluation of automation systems (MODSAFE): MODSAFE summary report

  Björkman, K., Frits, J., Heljanko, K., Niemelä, I. & Valkonen, J., 2009, SAFIR2010: The Finnish Research Programme on Nuclear Power Plant Safety 2007-2010 : Interim Report . Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, p. 61-70 (VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; No. 2466).

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter or book article › Professional

  Open Access

  • Model checking
  • Automation
  • Security systems
  • Formal methods
  • Computer hardware

• Verification of safety logic designs by model checking

  Björkman, K., Frits, J., Valkonen, J., Lahtinen, J., Heljanko, K., Niemelä, I. & Hämäläinen, J., 2009, Proceedings of the Sixth American Nuclear Society International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human-Machine Interface Technologies NPIC&HMIT 2009. American Nuclear Society (ANS)

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  Open Access

  • Logic design
  • Model checking
  • Finite automata
  • Nuclear power plants
  • Power plants
  8 Citations (Scopus)
• 2008

  Formal Verification of Safety I&C System Designs: Two Nuclear Power Plant Related Applications

  Valkonen, J., Koskimies, M., Pettersson, V., Heljanko, K., Holmberg, J-E., Niemelä, I. & Hämäläinen, J., 2008, Enlarged Halden Programme Group Meeting: Proceedings of the Man-Technology-Organisation Sessions. C4.2

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  • Formal verification
  • Nuclear power plants
  • Model checking
  • Systems analysis
  • Cooling systems

• Model-Based Analysis of an Arc Protection and an Emergency Cooling System: MODSAFE 2007 Work Report

  Valkonen, J., Pettersson, V., Björkman, K., Holmberg, J-E., Koskimies, M., Heljanko, K. & Niemelä, I., 2008, Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 54 p. (VTT Working Papers; No. 93).

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

  Open Access

  • Model checking
  • Cooling systems
  • Specification languages
  • Logic design
  • Temporal logic

• NPP Safety Automation Systems Analysis: State of the Art

  Valkonen, J., Karanta, I., Koskimies, M., Heljanko, K., Niemelä, I., Sheridan, D. & Bloomfield, R. E., 2008, Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 63 p. (VTT Working Papers; No. 94).

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

  Open Access

  • Automation
  • Systems analysis
  • Model checking
  • Formal methods
  • Security systems
• 2000

  Bayesian aggregation of experts' judgements on failure intensity

  Rosqvist, T., 2000, In: Reliability Engineering and System Safety. 70, 3, p. 283 - 289 7 p.

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

  • Agglomeration
  • Model checking
  • Repair
  • Personnel
  • Feedback
  17 Citations (Scopus)