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• 1995

  Fabrication of mesoscopic semiconductor structures

  Ahopelto, J., 1995, Helsinki. 48 p. (Acta polytechnica Scandinavica: Ph Applied Physics Series, Vol. 201).

  Research output: Book/Report › Book (author) › Scientific

• Fabrication of sub-100 nm GaAs columns by reactive ion etching using Au islands as etching mask

  Ahopelto, J., Airaksinen, V., Siren, E. & Niemi, H., 1995, In: Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures. 13, 1, p. 161-162

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific

  • Reactive ion etching
  • Etching
  • Masks
  • Fabrication
  • Gold
  6 Citations (Scopus)

• Factors affecting the corrosion resistance of PVD thin films

  Aromaa, J., Ronkainen, H., Saarinen, K., Mahiout, A. & Hannula, S-P., 1995, Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 60 p. (VTT Publications; No. 215).

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

  • corrosion resistance
  • coatings
  • thin films
  • corrosion
  • inhomogeneity

• Factors influencing the vaporisation of sodium and potassium in pressurised coal combustion

  Aho, M., Rantanen, J., Hernberg, R. & Häyrinen, V., 1995, Third International Conference on Combustion Technologies for a Clean Environment. Lissabon: Instituto de Combustão, 5

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific

• Factory simulation: A key to efficient production

  Hentula, M., 1995, High Technology in Finland 1995. Kinnunen, L. (ed.). Espoo: Finnish Academies of Technology, p. 56-57

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter or book article › Professional

• Fast electron generation in the cut-off region of an electrostatic wave

  Karttunen, S., Pättikangas, T. & Tala, T., 1995.

  Research output: Contribution to conference › Conference Abstract › Scientific

• Fatigue Design 1995: Final Report

  Solin, J., Marquis, G. & Karvonen, S., 1995, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 20 p. (VALB; No. 116).

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

• Fatigue design 1995. Vol. I

  Marquis, G. (ed.) & Solin, J. (ed.), 1995, Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 363 p. (VTT Symposium; No. 155).

  Research output: Book/Report › Book (editor) › Scientific › peer-review

  • Fatigue of materials
  • Ground vehicles
  • Machine components
  • Testing

• Fatigue design 1995. Vol. II

  Marquis, G. (ed.) & Solin, J. (ed.), 1995, Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 375 p. (VTT Symposium; No. 156).

  Research output: Book/Report › Book (editor) › Scientific › peer-review

  • Fatigue of materials
  • Ground vehicles
  • Machine components
  • Testing

• Fatigue design 1995. Vol. III

  Marquis, G. (ed.) & Solin, J. (ed.), 1995, Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 421 p. (VTT Symposium; No. 157).

  Research output: Book/Report › Book (editor) › Scientific › peer-review

  • Fatigue of materials
  • Ground vehicles
  • Machine components
  • Testing

• Fatigue testing and analysis using the hot spot method

  Marquis, G. & Kähönen, A., 1995, Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 46 p. (VTT Publications; No. 239).

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

  • Fatigue testing
  • Fatigue of materials
  • Stress measurement
  • Chassis
  • Ships

• Fault management in electrical distribution systems

  Lehtonen, M., Harmand, Y., Huber, A., Lembo di, G. & Vylder, J. D., 1995, Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 28 p. (VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes; No. 1678).

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

  • distribution system
  • automation
  • computer system
  • indicator
  • data management

• Feasibility of electricity production from biomass by gasification systems

  Solantausta, Y. & Kurkela, E., 1995, Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 52 p. (VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes; No. 1648).

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

  • gasification
  • electricity
  • biomass
  • farm
  • gas

• Feasibility of power production with pyrolysis and gasification systems

  Solantausta, Y., Bridgwater, T. & Beckman, D., 1995, In: Biomass and Bioenergy. 9, 1-5, p. 257-269

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific

  • gasification
  • pyrolysis
  • biomass power
  • Gasification
  • Pyrolysis
  33 Citations (Scopus)

• Feasibility studies of safety assessment methods for programmable automation systems: Final report of the AUU project

  Haapanen, P., Maskuniitty, M., Pulkkinen, U., Heikkinen, J., Korhonen, J. & Tuulari, E., 1995, Helsinki: Säteilyturvakeskus. 55 p. (STUK-YTO-TR, Vol. 93).

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

• Feature based fixture conficuration

  Zhizhong, Y. & Jokinen, H., 1995, Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 13 p. (VALB; No. 110).

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

• Ferrocene-containing polymers as electron transfer mediators in carbon paste electrodes modified with PQQ-dependent aldose dehydrogenase

  Smolander, M., Gorton, L., Lee, H. S., Skotheim, T. & Lan, H-L., 1995, In: Electroanalysis. 7, 10, p. 941-946

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

  • pyrroloquinoline
  • ferrocene
  • Oxidoreductases
  • Ointments
  • Electrons
  20 Citations (Scopus)

• Fibre cement mortar composites under thermal exposure

  Sarvaranta, L., 1995, Tampere: Tampereen teknillinen korkeakoulu . 165 p.

  Research output: Thesis › Dissertation › Collection of Articles

• Fibre reinforced concrete in an inverted T-beam

  Lanu, M. & Huovinen, S., 1995, In: Nordic Concrete Research. 16, 1, p. 39-55

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific

• Field modeling of room fires - SOFIE simulations of the Steckler room fire experiment

  Björkman, J., Keski-Rahkonen, O. & Lewis, M., 1995.

  Research output: Contribution to conference › Conference article › Scientific

• Final report on foreseen products: ACCESS Deliverable 4.2.2

  Stephanidis, C., Akoumianakis, D., Petrie, H., Vindigni, A., Majoe, D., Lauder, R., Kaasinen, E., Räty, V-P. & Salminen, A-L., 1995, 27 p.

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

• Finite element analyses of the welded lug using ABAQUS program

  Koski, K., 1995, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 25 p. (VALB; No. 123).

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

• Finite element analysis of failed pressure vessel and related material test specimens

  Keinänen, H., Talja, H. & Rahka, K., 1995, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 26 p. (VALB; No. 61).

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

• Finite element free vibration analysis of eccentrically stiffened plates

  Holopainen, T., 1995, In: Computers and Structures. 56, 6, p. 993-1007

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

  • Vibration Analysis
  • Free Vibration
  • Vibration analysis
  • Plate Bending
  • Finite Element
  46 Citations (Scopus)

• Finnish biotechnology innovations in the 1980's and the 1990's: A preliminary study on innovative activity of the Finnish biotechnology sector

  Miettinen, R., 1995, Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 25 p. (VTT Group for Technology Studies. Working Papers; No. 15).

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

• Finnish fusion research programme FUSION yearbook 1993-1994

  Karttunen, S. (ed.) & Pättikangas, T. (ed.), 1995, Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 91 p. (FFUSION Report; No. R95-1).

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

• Flame spread on wooden facades

  Hakkarainen, T., Mikkola, E., Oksanen, T. & Kokkala, M., 1995, A collection of papers presented by the Fire Safety Engineering Group at the First European Symposium on Fire Safety Science. Galea, E. R. (ed.). London: CMS Press, p. 17-20

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

• Flexible automation of clinching and adhesive bonding of sheet metal parts

  Varis, J., Penttilä, R. & Kujanpää, V., 1995. 17 p.

  Research output: Contribution to conference › Conference article › Scientific

• Flexible automation of clinching and adhesive bonding of sheet metal parts

  Varis, J., Penttilä, R. & Kujanpää, V., 1995, Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 40 p. (VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes; No. 1657).

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

  • Sheet metal
  • Joining
  • Adhesives
  • Automation
  • Jigs

• Flexible production planning in a printing shop

  Bäck, A., Karanta, I. & Pesonen, J., 1995. 11 p.

  Research output: Contribution to conference › Conference article › Scientific

• Flexible protocols improve parallel experimentation throughput

  Aarts, R., Lindsey, J., Corkan, A. & Smith, S., 1995, In: Clinical Chemistry. 41, 7, p. 1004-1010

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

  • Heuristics
  • Throughput
  • Scheduling algorithms
  • Efficiency
  • Appointments and Schedules
  4 Citations (Scopus)

• Fluorescence microscopy of rye cell walls during fermentation

  Koskinen, M., Parkkonen, T. & Autio, K., 1995, International Rye Symposium : Technology and Products. Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, p. 220-220 (VTT Symposium; No. 161).

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

• Fluoresenssiin perustuva kuituanturi ympäristömittauksiin

  Hokkanen, A., Kiiveri, P. & Leppihalme, M., 1995, SIHTI 2: Energia- ja ympäristöteknologia: Tutkimusohjelman vuosikirja 1994: Projektiesittelyt. Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, p. 217-220 (VTT Symposium; No. 162).

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific

• Formation of NH3 and HCN in slow-heating-rate inert pyrolysis of peat, coal and bark

  Leppälahti, J., 1995, In: Fuel. 74, 9, p. 1363-1368

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

  • Peat
  • Coal
  • Heating rate
  • Pyrolysis
  • Nitrogen Compounds
  102 Citations (Scopus)

• Formation of ultrafine particles inside an electrostatic precipitator caused by interaction of denitrification unit and corona discharge

  Mohr, M., Ylätalo, S., Riccius, O. & Kauppinen, E., 1995, In: Journal of Aerosol Science. 26, Suppl. 1, p. S871-S872

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Other journal contribution › Scientific › peer-review

• Fracture mechanical evaluation of a reactor pressure vessel steel 18Kh2MFA

  Nevalainen, M., Planman, T. & Muller, K., 1995, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 22 p. (VALB; No. 119).

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

• Fracture mechanics evaluation of the 18CH2MFA steel

  Müller, K., Pusch, G., Valo, M., Planman, T. & Nevalainen, M., 1995, Safety and Reliability of Plant Technology with Special Emphasis on Approaches to Lifetime Extension of Nuclear Power Plants. Kussmaul, K. (ed.). Stuttgart: Materials Testing Institute University of Stuttgart MPA, Vol. 1. 20 p. 12

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

• Fracture mechanics parameter determination

  Wallin, K., 1995, State of the Art Report on Key Fracture Mechanics Aspects of Integrity Assessment. Burdekin, F. M. (ed.). Issy-les-Moulineaux: OECD, p. 44-65

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter or book article › Professional

• Frame synchronized ring and its implementation

  Raatikainen, P. & Zidbeck, J., 1995, Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 112 p. (VTT Publications; No. 217).

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

  • Clocks
  • Time switches
  • Crosstalk
  • Medium access control
  • Application specific integrated circuits

• Freeze-thaw stability of prefermented frozen lean wheat doughs: Effect of flour quality and fermentation time

  Räsänen, J., Härkönen, H. & Autio, K., 1995, In: Cereal Chemistry. 72, 6, p. 637-642

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

  Open Access

  • Flour
  • Triticum
  • Fermentation
  • dough
  • flour
  27 Citations (Scopus)

• From craftwork towards industrial production in the development of real-time machine vision software

  Röning, J., Kauniskangas, H., Kalaoja, J. & Okkonen, A., 1995, Intelligent Robots and Computer Vision XIV: Algorithms, Techniques, Active Vision, and Materials Handling. Casasent, D. P. (ed.). Bellingham: International Society for Optics and Photonics SPIE, p. 25-39 2588-04. (Proceedings of SPIE, Vol. 2588).

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

  • Real time systems
  • Computer vision
  • Systems analysis
  • Bottles
  • Animation

• Frost resistance of high strength concrete

  Kukko, H. & Tattari, K., 1995, In: Nordic Concrete Research. 17, 2, p. 42 - 53

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

• FTIR-mittaustekniikka savukaasuanalytiikassa

  Vahlman, T. & Tormonen, K., 1995.

  Research output: Contribution to conference › Other conference contribution › Professional

• Fuel chemistry for computational fluid dynamics

  Brink, A., Kilpinen, P., Hupa, M., Kjäldman, L. & Jääskeläinen, K., 1995, Proceedings of the 2nd Colloquim on Process Simulation. Jokilaakso, A. (ed.). Espoo: Helsinki University of Technology, p. 17-35

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

• Functional immunoliposomes harboring a biosynthetically lipid-tagged antibody

  Laukkanen, M-L., Orellana, A. & Keinänen, K., 1995.

  Research output: Contribution to conference › Conference Abstract › Scientific

• Fundamentals of safety-conscious computer-aided process design

  Pohjola, V., Koivisto, R. & Alha, M., 1995, Helsinki. 30 p. (Acta Polytechnica Scandinavica Ch: Chemical Technology Series, Vol. 233).

  Research output: Book/Report › Book (author) › Professional

• Fungal genes for bleaching of pulp and genes

  Penttilä, M., 1995, In: Industrial Horizons. 2, 11.

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Professional

• GaInAsP gas-source MBE technology

  Pessa, M., Tappura, K. & Ovtchinnikov, A., 1995, In: Thin Solid Films. 267, p. 99-105 7 p.

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

  • Molecular beam epitaxy
  • Energy gap
  • gallium arsenide
  • Gases
  • Graphite
  16 Citations (Scopus)

• Gasification of waste preserved wood impregnated with toxic inorganic and/or organic chemicals: Gasification tests with impregnated waste wood at the 5 MW Jalasjärvi gasification plant

  Vesterinen, R., 1995, Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. 82 p. (VTT Publications; No. 244).

  Research output: Book/Report › Report

  • wood waste
  • gasification
  • flue gas
  • dioxin
  • creosote

• Gasification reactivities of solid biomass fuels

  Moilanen, A. & Kurkela, E., 1995, Preprints of papers presented at the 210th ACS national meeting: New analytical methods for characterizing fossil fuels and dervied products; direct coal Liquefaction; biomass fuels. Washington, D.C.: American Chemical Society ACS, Vol. 3. p. 688-693

  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific

  Open Access