A certified reference material for the scratch test

R. Jacobs; J. Meneve; G. Dyson; D.G. Teer; N. M. Jennett; P. Harris; J. von Stebut; C. Comte; P. Feuchter; A. Cavaleiro; Helena Ronkainen; Kenneth Holmberg; U. Beck; G. Reiners; C. D. Ingelbrecht

doi:10.1016/S0257-8972(03)00470-5

A certified reference material for the scratch test

R. Jacobs (Corresponding Author), J. Meneve, G. Dyson, D.G. Teer, N. M. Jennett, P. Harris, J. von Stebut, C. Comte, P. Feuchter, A. Cavaleiro, Helena Ronkainen, Kenneth Holmberg, U. Beck, G. Reiners, C. D. Ingelbrecht

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

34 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Adhesion and other mechanical behaviour of coatings is at present routinely tested in industry and research organisations using the scratch test. The test has been the subject of a European Standard prEN 1071-3:2000 established by the European Standards Committee CEN TC184 WG5. A previous European project on the development and validation of test methods for thin hard coatings—FASTE—revealed that uncertainties in the Rockwell C stylus tip shape represent a major source of error for the scratch-test method. Therefore a follow-up project—REMAST—was started to develop and certify a reference material as a quality control tool for the testing and qualification of scratch-test instruments. In addition, a considerable effort was devoted to improve the scratch stylus manufacturing process. This paper presents the results of the REMAST project. During a feasibility study, two candidate materials—titanium nitride (TiN) and diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings both on high speed steel substrates—were evaluated. Because of the lower sensitivity to styli tip shape variations and higher data scatter observed for the TiN coating, DLC was chosen as the reference material to be certified. One thousand samples were produced, as well as qualified styli to carry out the certification campaign, including homogeneity and stability testing. Nine independent laboratories were involved in the certification exercise, and the data were statistically analysed to obtain the certified critical load values and their uncertainty ranges. A certified reference material BCR-692 is available for verification purposes. This presents three repeatable failure events at certified critical load intervals and can provide a good indication of overall scratch-test instrument performance, including stylus condition and calibration. It is also useful as a diagnostic tool, providing a means of sensitive monitoring of machine and stylus performance over extended periods. Considerable improvement of the quality of scratch styli was achieved by the strict control of all manufacturing steps.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1008-1013
Number of pages	6
Journal	Surface and Coatings Technology
Volume	174-175
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0257-8972(03)00470-5
Publication status	Published - 2003
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed
Event	Eight International Conference on Plasma Surface Engineering - Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany Duration: 9 Sept 2002 → 13 Sept 2002

Keywords

adhesion
scratch test
adhesion tests
testing
certified reference material
quality
quality control

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10.1016/S0257-8972(03)00470-5

Cite this

@article{b1935f32b1d74fc0ae95dd3864afcf28,

title = "A certified reference material for the scratch test",

abstract = "Adhesion and other mechanical behaviour of coatings is at present routinely tested in industry and research organisations using the scratch test. The test has been the subject of a European Standard prEN 1071-3:2000 established by the European Standards Committee CEN TC184 WG5. A previous European project on the development and validation of test methods for thin hard coatings—FASTE—revealed that uncertainties in the Rockwell C stylus tip shape represent a major source of error for the scratch-test method. Therefore a follow-up project—REMAST—was started to develop and certify a reference material as a quality control tool for the testing and qualification of scratch-test instruments. In addition, a considerable effort was devoted to improve the scratch stylus manufacturing process. This paper presents the results of the REMAST project. During a feasibility study, two candidate materials—titanium nitride (TiN) and diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings both on high speed steel substrates—were evaluated. Because of the lower sensitivity to styli tip shape variations and higher data scatter observed for the TiN coating, DLC was chosen as the reference material to be certified. One thousand samples were produced, as well as qualified styli to carry out the certification campaign, including homogeneity and stability testing. Nine independent laboratories were involved in the certification exercise, and the data were statistically analysed to obtain the certified critical load values and their uncertainty ranges. A certified reference material BCR-692 is available for verification purposes. This presents three repeatable failure events at certified critical load intervals and can provide a good indication of overall scratch-test instrument performance, including stylus condition and calibration. It is also useful as a diagnostic tool, providing a means of sensitive monitoring of machine and stylus performance over extended periods. Considerable improvement of the quality of scratch styli was achieved by the strict control of all manufacturing steps.",

keywords = "adhesion, scratch test, adhesion tests, testing, certified reference material, quality, quality control",

author = "R. Jacobs and J. Meneve and G. Dyson and D.G. Teer and Jennett, {N. M.} and P. Harris and {von Stebut}, J. and C. Comte and P. Feuchter and A. Cavaleiro and Helena Ronkainen and Kenneth Holmberg and U. Beck and G. Reiners and Ingelbrecht, {C. D.}",

year = "2003",

doi = "10.1016/S0257-8972(03)00470-5",

language = "English",

volume = "174-175",

pages = "1008--1013",

journal = "Surface and Coatings Technology",

issn = "0257-8972",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

note = "Eight International Conference on Plasma Surface Engineering, PSE 02 ; Conference date: 09-09-2002 Through 13-09-2002",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - A certified reference material for the scratch test

AU - Jacobs, R.

AU - Meneve, J.

AU - Dyson, G.

AU - Teer, D.G.

AU - Jennett, N. M.

AU - Harris, P.

AU - von Stebut, J.

AU - Comte, C.

AU - Feuchter, P.

AU - Cavaleiro, A.

AU - Ronkainen, Helena

AU - Holmberg, Kenneth

AU - Beck, U.

AU - Reiners, G.

AU - Ingelbrecht, C. D.

PY - 2003

Y1 - 2003

N2 - Adhesion and other mechanical behaviour of coatings is at present routinely tested in industry and research organisations using the scratch test. The test has been the subject of a European Standard prEN 1071-3:2000 established by the European Standards Committee CEN TC184 WG5. A previous European project on the development and validation of test methods for thin hard coatings—FASTE—revealed that uncertainties in the Rockwell C stylus tip shape represent a major source of error for the scratch-test method. Therefore a follow-up project—REMAST—was started to develop and certify a reference material as a quality control tool for the testing and qualification of scratch-test instruments. In addition, a considerable effort was devoted to improve the scratch stylus manufacturing process. This paper presents the results of the REMAST project. During a feasibility study, two candidate materials—titanium nitride (TiN) and diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings both on high speed steel substrates—were evaluated. Because of the lower sensitivity to styli tip shape variations and higher data scatter observed for the TiN coating, DLC was chosen as the reference material to be certified. One thousand samples were produced, as well as qualified styli to carry out the certification campaign, including homogeneity and stability testing. Nine independent laboratories were involved in the certification exercise, and the data were statistically analysed to obtain the certified critical load values and their uncertainty ranges. A certified reference material BCR-692 is available for verification purposes. This presents three repeatable failure events at certified critical load intervals and can provide a good indication of overall scratch-test instrument performance, including stylus condition and calibration. It is also useful as a diagnostic tool, providing a means of sensitive monitoring of machine and stylus performance over extended periods. Considerable improvement of the quality of scratch styli was achieved by the strict control of all manufacturing steps.

AB - Adhesion and other mechanical behaviour of coatings is at present routinely tested in industry and research organisations using the scratch test. The test has been the subject of a European Standard prEN 1071-3:2000 established by the European Standards Committee CEN TC184 WG5. A previous European project on the development and validation of test methods for thin hard coatings—FASTE—revealed that uncertainties in the Rockwell C stylus tip shape represent a major source of error for the scratch-test method. Therefore a follow-up project—REMAST—was started to develop and certify a reference material as a quality control tool for the testing and qualification of scratch-test instruments. In addition, a considerable effort was devoted to improve the scratch stylus manufacturing process. This paper presents the results of the REMAST project. During a feasibility study, two candidate materials—titanium nitride (TiN) and diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings both on high speed steel substrates—were evaluated. Because of the lower sensitivity to styli tip shape variations and higher data scatter observed for the TiN coating, DLC was chosen as the reference material to be certified. One thousand samples were produced, as well as qualified styli to carry out the certification campaign, including homogeneity and stability testing. Nine independent laboratories were involved in the certification exercise, and the data were statistically analysed to obtain the certified critical load values and their uncertainty ranges. A certified reference material BCR-692 is available for verification purposes. This presents three repeatable failure events at certified critical load intervals and can provide a good indication of overall scratch-test instrument performance, including stylus condition and calibration. It is also useful as a diagnostic tool, providing a means of sensitive monitoring of machine and stylus performance over extended periods. Considerable improvement of the quality of scratch styli was achieved by the strict control of all manufacturing steps.

KW - adhesion

KW - scratch test

KW - adhesion tests

KW - testing

KW - certified reference material

KW - quality

KW - quality control

U2 - 10.1016/S0257-8972(03)00470-5

DO - 10.1016/S0257-8972(03)00470-5

M3 - Article

SN - 0257-8972

VL - 174-175

SP - 1008

EP - 1013

JO - Surface and Coatings Technology

JF - Surface and Coatings Technology

T2 - Eight International Conference on Plasma Surface Engineering

Y2 - 9 September 2002 through 13 September 2002

ER -

A certified reference material for the scratch test

Abstract

Keywords

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