A Review on solid oxide fuel cell models

Since the model plays an important role in diagnosing solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system, this paper proposes a review of existing SOFC models for model-based diagnosis of SOFC stack and system. Three categories of modelling based on the white-, the black- and the grey-box approaches are introduced. The white-box model includes two types, i.e. physical model and equivalent circuit model based on EIS technique. The black-box model is based on artificial intelligence and its realisation relies mainly on experimental data. The grey-box model is more flexible: it is a physical representation but with some parts being modelled empirically. Validation of models is discussed and a hierarchical modelling approach involving all of three modelling methods is briefly mentioned, which gives an overview of the design for implementing a generic diagnostic tool on SOFC system.