A study on energy used to deliver H.264/AVC and H.265/HEVC video content

Mohammadhassan Safavi; Saeed Bastani; Zhi Zhang; Martti Forsell; Olli Mämmelä; Björn Landfeldt

doi:10.1109/CAMAD.2016.7790353

A study on energy used to deliver H.264/AVC and H.265/HEVC video content

Mohammadhassan Safavi, Saeed Bastani, Zhi Zhang, Martti Forsell, Olli Mämmelä, Björn Landfeldt

Lund University

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

1 Citation (Scopus)

Abstract

We propose an end-to-end approach to describe the energy usage of video delivery within a content delivery framework, and use this to investigate the energy usage behavior of two popular coding schemes, namely, H.264/AVC and H.265/HEVC. Our study based on the proposed model is backed up by measurements of encoding and decoding energy usage of a sample video and shows that, from an end-to-end perspective, taking into account all the elements of a content delivery network, neither of the coding formats is always dominant in terms of energy saving. We also find that the popularity of video content is a key parameter for predicting which encoding scheme saves most energy. In particular, we find that H.265 encoded content results in lower energy usage if the content is highly popular. On the other hand, for a content with predicted low popularity, more saving is achieved if H.264/AVC is used. This lead us to calculate a hybrid content delivery scheme, where the contents with low popularity are encoded and delivered in H.264/AVC format, whereas content of high popularity are encoded and delivered in the H.265/HEVC format. Also, our findings offer new insights into which elements of energy usage should be the focus of future research.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Computer Aided Modelling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD), 2016 IEEE 21st International Workshop on
Publisher	IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers
Pages	170-176
ISBN (Electronic)	978-1-5090-2558-9
ISBN (Print)	978-1-5090-2559-6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMAD.2016.7790353
Publication status	Published - 22 Dec 2016
MoE publication type	A4 Article in a conference publication
Event	21st IEEE International Workshop on Computer Aided Modelling and Design of Communication Links and Networks - Toronto, Canada Duration: 23 Oct 2016 → 25 Oct 2016 Conference number: 21

Conference

Conference	21st IEEE International Workshop on Computer Aided Modelling and Design of Communication Links and Networks
Abbreviated title	CAMAD 2016
Country/Territory	Canada
City	Toronto
Period	23/10/16 → 25/10/16

Keywords

content delivery
energy consumption
video coding

Access to Document

10.1109/CAMAD.2016.7790353

Cite this

Safavi, M., Bastani, S., Zhang, Z., Forsell, M., Mämmelä, O., & Landfeldt, B. (2016). A study on energy used to deliver H.264/AVC and H.265/HEVC video content. In Computer Aided Modelling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD), 2016 IEEE 21st International Workshop on (pp. 170-176). IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers. https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMAD.2016.7790353

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title = "A study on energy used to deliver H.264/AVC and H.265/HEVC video content",

abstract = "We propose an end-to-end approach to describe the energy usage of video delivery within a content delivery framework, and use this to investigate the energy usage behavior of two popular coding schemes, namely, H.264/AVC and H.265/HEVC. Our study based on the proposed model is backed up by measurements of encoding and decoding energy usage of a sample video and shows that, from an end-to-end perspective, taking into account all the elements of a content delivery network, neither of the coding formats is always dominant in terms of energy saving. We also find that the popularity of video content is a key parameter for predicting which encoding scheme saves most energy. In particular, we find that H.265 encoded content results in lower energy usage if the content is highly popular. On the other hand, for a content with predicted low popularity, more saving is achieved if H.264/AVC is used. This lead us to calculate a hybrid content delivery scheme, where the contents with low popularity are encoded and delivered in H.264/AVC format, whereas content of high popularity are encoded and delivered in the H.265/HEVC format. Also, our findings offer new insights into which elements of energy usage should be the focus of future research.",

keywords = "content delivery, energy consumption, video coding",

author = "Mohammadhassan Safavi and Saeed Bastani and Zhi Zhang and Martti Forsell and Olli M{\"a}mmel{\"a} and Bj{\"o}rn Landfeldt",

year = "2016",

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doi = "10.1109/CAMAD.2016.7790353",

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note = "21st IEEE International Workshop on Computer Aided Modelling and Design of Communication Links and Networks, CAMAD 2016 ; Conference date: 23-10-2016 Through 25-10-2016",

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Safavi, M, Bastani, S, Zhang, Z, Forsell, M, Mämmelä, O & Landfeldt, B 2016, A study on energy used to deliver H.264/AVC and H.265/HEVC video content. in Computer Aided Modelling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD), 2016 IEEE 21st International Workshop on . IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, pp. 170-176, 21st IEEE International Workshop on Computer Aided Modelling and Design of Communication Links and Networks, Toronto, Canada, 23/10/16. https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMAD.2016.7790353

A study on energy used to deliver H.264/AVC and H.265/HEVC video content. / Safavi, Mohammadhassan; Bastani, Saeed; Zhang, Zhi et al.
Computer Aided Modelling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD), 2016 IEEE 21st International Workshop on . IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, 2016. p. 170-176.

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - A study on energy used to deliver H.264/AVC and H.265/HEVC video content

AU - Safavi, Mohammadhassan

AU - Bastani, Saeed

AU - Zhang, Zhi

AU - Forsell, Martti

AU - Mämmelä, Olli

AU - Landfeldt, Björn

N1 - Conference code: 21

PY - 2016/12/22

Y1 - 2016/12/22

N2 - We propose an end-to-end approach to describe the energy usage of video delivery within a content delivery framework, and use this to investigate the energy usage behavior of two popular coding schemes, namely, H.264/AVC and H.265/HEVC. Our study based on the proposed model is backed up by measurements of encoding and decoding energy usage of a sample video and shows that, from an end-to-end perspective, taking into account all the elements of a content delivery network, neither of the coding formats is always dominant in terms of energy saving. We also find that the popularity of video content is a key parameter for predicting which encoding scheme saves most energy. In particular, we find that H.265 encoded content results in lower energy usage if the content is highly popular. On the other hand, for a content with predicted low popularity, more saving is achieved if H.264/AVC is used. This lead us to calculate a hybrid content delivery scheme, where the contents with low popularity are encoded and delivered in H.264/AVC format, whereas content of high popularity are encoded and delivered in the H.265/HEVC format. Also, our findings offer new insights into which elements of energy usage should be the focus of future research.

AB - We propose an end-to-end approach to describe the energy usage of video delivery within a content delivery framework, and use this to investigate the energy usage behavior of two popular coding schemes, namely, H.264/AVC and H.265/HEVC. Our study based on the proposed model is backed up by measurements of encoding and decoding energy usage of a sample video and shows that, from an end-to-end perspective, taking into account all the elements of a content delivery network, neither of the coding formats is always dominant in terms of energy saving. We also find that the popularity of video content is a key parameter for predicting which encoding scheme saves most energy. In particular, we find that H.265 encoded content results in lower energy usage if the content is highly popular. On the other hand, for a content with predicted low popularity, more saving is achieved if H.264/AVC is used. This lead us to calculate a hybrid content delivery scheme, where the contents with low popularity are encoded and delivered in H.264/AVC format, whereas content of high popularity are encoded and delivered in the H.265/HEVC format. Also, our findings offer new insights into which elements of energy usage should be the focus of future research.

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KW - energy consumption

KW - video coding

U2 - 10.1109/CAMAD.2016.7790353

DO - 10.1109/CAMAD.2016.7790353

M3 - Conference article in proceedings

SN - 978-1-5090-2559-6

SP - 170

EP - 176

BT - Computer Aided Modelling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD), 2016 IEEE 21st International Workshop on

PB - IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers

T2 - 21st IEEE International Workshop on Computer Aided Modelling and Design of Communication Links and Networks

Y2 - 23 October 2016 through 25 October 2016

ER -

Safavi M, Bastani S, Zhang Z, Forsell M, Mämmelä O, Landfeldt B. A study on energy used to deliver H.264/AVC and H.265/HEVC video content. In Computer Aided Modelling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD), 2016 IEEE 21st International Workshop on . IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers. 2016. p. 170-176 doi: 10.1109/CAMAD.2016.7790353

A study on energy used to deliver H.264/AVC and H.265/HEVC video content

Abstract

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Keywords

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