Abrasion of concrete by ice in arctic sea structures: Dissertation

Earth & Environmental Sciences

• abrasion 100%
• ice 63%
• stone 61%
• sea 50%
• freeze-thaw cycle 34%
• compressive strength 25%
• laboratory test 20%
• cement (construction material) 17%
• tensile strength 16%
• test 15%
• frost 11%
• ice sheet 10%
• water level 9%
• calculation 8%
• seawater 7%
• damage 7%
• blast furnace 5%
• cracking (fracture) 5%
• temperature change 5%
• slag 5%