Abrasion of concrete by ice in arctic sea structures

Examines the abrasion of the concrete in Arctic Sea structures, especially near the water level. The concrete structure is subjected to significant loads near the water level as a moving ice sheet breaks against the structure. Furthermore, recurrent freeze-thaw cycles expose the concrete to damage if the concrete has not been designed to resist recurrent freezing in marine conditions. The abrasion of concrete in Arctic Sea structures has been estimated by laboratory abrasion tests in connection with research and other laboratory tests. The estimation of abrasion depth can also be carried out by means of diagrams based on calculations and laboratory test results.