Additive manufacturing—a revolution in progress? Insights from a multiple case study

Additive manufacturing has been described as a technology that will revolutionize manufacturing. In this article, the conditions under which the powder bed fusion process can replace machining in basic metal part production are evaluated. The high cost of printing is limiting the diffusion of this technology, but the situation is changing. Through a cost benefit analysis, the changes needed to improve the competitiveness of additive manufacturing compared to traditional manufacturing technology are demonstrated. Deposition rates have increased significantly in recent years, but this study shows what is still needed to cut processing costs. In addition, significant cuts in powder material prices are required. This article strives to define how additive manufacturing through cost competitiveness and added value can challenge traditional manufacturing technology for the role as a major means of production.