Ash behavior during hydrothermal treatment for solid fuel applications. Part 2: Effects of treatment conditions on industrial waste biomass

Mikko Mäkelä; Kunio Yoshikawa

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2016.05.015

Ash behavior during hydrothermal treatment for solid fuel applications. Part 2: Effects of treatment conditions on industrial waste biomass

Mikko Mäkelä^*
, Kunio Yoshikawa

^*Corresponding author for this work

Not published at VTT

Tokyo Institute of Technology
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

37 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

This second half of our work on ash behavior concentrates on the effects of hydrothermal treatment conditions on paper sludge. Ash composition and solubility were determined based on treatment temperature, reactor solid load and liquid pH using experimental design and univariate regression methods. In addition, ash properties for combustion were evaluated based on recent developments on ash classification. Based on the results, all experimental variables had a statistically significant effect on ash yields. Only reactor solid load was statistically insignificant for char ash content, which increased based on increasing treatment temperature due to the decomposition of organic components. Ash dissolution and ash yield were governed by liquid pH and the generation of acids mainly due to the solubility of calcium carbonate identified as the main mineral species of paper sludge. Dissolution of calcium carbonate however decreased ash fusion temperatures more likely causing problems during char incineration. This indicated that decreasing the ash content of sludge during hydrothermal treatment can actually weaken ash properties for solid fuel applications.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	409-414
Journal	Energy Conversion and Management
Volume	121
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2016.05.015
Publication status	Published - 2016
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Funding

The contributions of Gunnar Kalén and Markus Segerström from the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences in sludge sampling and sample processing, Hiroki Kitamura from Tokyo Institute of Technology in SEM analyses and the analysis staff of Tokyo Institute of Technology (Suzukakedai campus) in ash analyses are deeply appreciated. The Finnish Foundation for Technology Promotion mainly funded this work as a Postdoctoral Fellowship through the Foundations’ Post Doc Pool.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy
SDG 9 Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure
SDG 12 Responsible Consumption and Production

Keywords

Biosolids
Calcium carbonate
Experimental design
Hydrothermal carbonization
Multiple linear regression
Wet torrefaction

Access to Document

10.1016/j.enconman.2016.05.015

Cite this

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title = "Ash behavior during hydrothermal treatment for solid fuel applications. Part 2: Effects of treatment conditions on industrial waste biomass",

abstract = "This second half of our work on ash behavior concentrates on the effects of hydrothermal treatment conditions on paper sludge. Ash composition and solubility were determined based on treatment temperature, reactor solid load and liquid pH using experimental design and univariate regression methods. In addition, ash properties for combustion were evaluated based on recent developments on ash classification. Based on the results, all experimental variables had a statistically significant effect on ash yields. Only reactor solid load was statistically insignificant for char ash content, which increased based on increasing treatment temperature due to the decomposition of organic components. Ash dissolution and ash yield were governed by liquid pH and the generation of acids mainly due to the solubility of calcium carbonate identified as the main mineral species of paper sludge. Dissolution of calcium carbonate however decreased ash fusion temperatures more likely causing problems during char incineration. This indicated that decreasing the ash content of sludge during hydrothermal treatment can actually weaken ash properties for solid fuel applications.",

keywords = "Biosolids, Calcium carbonate, Experimental design, Hydrothermal carbonization, Multiple linear regression, Wet torrefaction",

author = "Mikko M{\"a}kel{\"a} and Kunio Yoshikawa",

note = "Funding Information: The contributions of Gunnar Kal{\'e}n and Markus Segerstr{\"o}m from the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences in sludge sampling and sample processing, Hiroki Kitamura from Tokyo Institute of Technology in SEM analyses and the analysis staff of Tokyo Institute of Technology (Suzukakedai campus) in ash analyses are deeply appreciated. The Finnish Foundation for Technology Promotion mainly funded this work as a Postdoctoral Fellowship through the Foundations{\textquoteright} Post Doc Pool. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2016 Elsevier Ltd",

year = "2016",

doi = "10.1016/j.enconman.2016.05.015",

language = "English",

volume = "121",

pages = "409--414",

journal = "Energy Conversion and Management",

issn = "0196-8904",

publisher = "Elsevier",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Ash behavior during hydrothermal treatment for solid fuel applications. Part 2

T2 - Effects of treatment conditions on industrial waste biomass

AU - Mäkelä, Mikko

AU - Yoshikawa, Kunio

N1 - Funding Information: The contributions of Gunnar Kalén and Markus Segerström from the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences in sludge sampling and sample processing, Hiroki Kitamura from Tokyo Institute of Technology in SEM analyses and the analysis staff of Tokyo Institute of Technology (Suzukakedai campus) in ash analyses are deeply appreciated. The Finnish Foundation for Technology Promotion mainly funded this work as a Postdoctoral Fellowship through the Foundations’ Post Doc Pool. Publisher Copyright: © 2016 Elsevier Ltd

PY - 2016

Y1 - 2016

N2 - This second half of our work on ash behavior concentrates on the effects of hydrothermal treatment conditions on paper sludge. Ash composition and solubility were determined based on treatment temperature, reactor solid load and liquid pH using experimental design and univariate regression methods. In addition, ash properties for combustion were evaluated based on recent developments on ash classification. Based on the results, all experimental variables had a statistically significant effect on ash yields. Only reactor solid load was statistically insignificant for char ash content, which increased based on increasing treatment temperature due to the decomposition of organic components. Ash dissolution and ash yield were governed by liquid pH and the generation of acids mainly due to the solubility of calcium carbonate identified as the main mineral species of paper sludge. Dissolution of calcium carbonate however decreased ash fusion temperatures more likely causing problems during char incineration. This indicated that decreasing the ash content of sludge during hydrothermal treatment can actually weaken ash properties for solid fuel applications.

AB - This second half of our work on ash behavior concentrates on the effects of hydrothermal treatment conditions on paper sludge. Ash composition and solubility were determined based on treatment temperature, reactor solid load and liquid pH using experimental design and univariate regression methods. In addition, ash properties for combustion were evaluated based on recent developments on ash classification. Based on the results, all experimental variables had a statistically significant effect on ash yields. Only reactor solid load was statistically insignificant for char ash content, which increased based on increasing treatment temperature due to the decomposition of organic components. Ash dissolution and ash yield were governed by liquid pH and the generation of acids mainly due to the solubility of calcium carbonate identified as the main mineral species of paper sludge. Dissolution of calcium carbonate however decreased ash fusion temperatures more likely causing problems during char incineration. This indicated that decreasing the ash content of sludge during hydrothermal treatment can actually weaken ash properties for solid fuel applications.

KW - Biosolids

KW - Calcium carbonate

KW - Experimental design

KW - Hydrothermal carbonization

KW - Multiple linear regression

KW - Wet torrefaction

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84966696739

U2 - 10.1016/j.enconman.2016.05.015

DO - 10.1016/j.enconman.2016.05.015

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:84966696739

SN - 0196-8904

VL - 121

SP - 409

EP - 414

JO - Energy Conversion and Management

JF - Energy Conversion and Management

ER -

Ash behavior during hydrothermal treatment for solid fuel applications. Part 2: Effects of treatment conditions on industrial waste biomass

Abstract

Funding

UN SDGs

Keywords

Access to Document

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