TY - JOUR
T1 - Beam-Reconfigurable Antenna Based on Vector Modulator and Rotman Lens on LTCC
AU - Karki, Sabin Kumar
AU - Varonen, Mikko
AU - Kaunisto, Mikko
AU - Rantala, Arto
AU - Lahti, Markku
AU - Lamminen, Antti
AU - Holmberg, Jan
AU - Kantanen, Mikko
AU - Ala-Laurinaho, Juha
AU - Viikari, Ville
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by the Business Finland through 5WAVE Project, and in part by the Academy of Finland through ADENN Project. The work of Sabin Kumar Karki was also supported in part by the Nokia Foundation, and in part by the Walter Ahlström Foundation. The work of Mikko Varonen was also supported by the Academy of Finland Research Fellow Project under Grant 310234.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2013 IEEE.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - A beam-switching array is designed using a 4 × 6 Rotman lens as a beam-forming network to switch the beam towards -30°, -10°, 10°, and 30°. Six substrate integrated waveguide fed 1 × 4 microstrip patch arrays are used as the radiating elements. The beam-switching array is designed on the LTCC substrate to operate at 71-76 GHz. In this work, the feasibility of implementing a beam-switching network with a vector modulator (VM) integrated circuit as switching element is studied for the first time. The measured radiation pattern of the beam-switching array with the VM is in line with the simulated radiation pattern. The measured peak realized gain of the beam port 1, 2, 3, and 4 with 3-dB backoff gain of the VM are 17, 17, 17.8, 16.9 dBi at 75 GHz, respectively. In addition, the work demonstrates the possibility of beam-reconfigurability in beam-switching array by simultaneous excitation of the beam ports in optimum phase using the VM. The simultaneous excitation of the adjacent two ports, 1-2, 2-3, and 3-4, steer the beam towards -19°, 0°, and 19°, respectively, which improves the beam cross-over level. With various combinations of simultaneous excitation, the half power beam-width of the beam-switching array is varied from 17.8° to 75°.
AB - A beam-switching array is designed using a 4 × 6 Rotman lens as a beam-forming network to switch the beam towards -30°, -10°, 10°, and 30°. Six substrate integrated waveguide fed 1 × 4 microstrip patch arrays are used as the radiating elements. The beam-switching array is designed on the LTCC substrate to operate at 71-76 GHz. In this work, the feasibility of implementing a beam-switching network with a vector modulator (VM) integrated circuit as switching element is studied for the first time. The measured radiation pattern of the beam-switching array with the VM is in line with the simulated radiation pattern. The measured peak realized gain of the beam port 1, 2, 3, and 4 with 3-dB backoff gain of the VM are 17, 17, 17.8, 16.9 dBi at 75 GHz, respectively. In addition, the work demonstrates the possibility of beam-reconfigurability in beam-switching array by simultaneous excitation of the beam ports in optimum phase using the VM. The simultaneous excitation of the adjacent two ports, 1-2, 2-3, and 3-4, steer the beam towards -19°, 0°, and 19°, respectively, which improves the beam cross-over level. With various combinations of simultaneous excitation, the half power beam-width of the beam-switching array is varied from 17.8° to 75°.
KW - Array
KW - beam reconfigurability
KW - beam-switching
KW - microstrip patch antenna
KW - millimeter-wave
KW - Rotman lens
KW - vector modulator
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85103779868&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3070037
DO - 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3070037
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85103779868
SN - 2169-3536
VL - 9
SP - 52872
EP - 52882
JO - IEEE Access
JF - IEEE Access
ER -