Abstract
It was observed that both iodine and sulphur were present in the new particles with diameter below 10 mn.
Gaseous emissions of halogen compounds from seaweeds were also measured at the same location during low‐tide particle nucleation episodes.
Based on the presence of iodine in the particle phase during low‐tide nucleation bursts, and the significant emission of iodine compounds from the seaweeds during these periods, it is apparent that part of the biogenic iodine species emitted from the seaweeds end up in the ultrafine particulate phase. It was not possible to quantitatively determine the iodine content in the particles; however, in most cases the relative contribution from iodine and sulphate was similar, while some cases indicated no sulphate.
On larger sized particles the contribution of sulphate was significantly higher than iodine. It appears that the condensable species leading to the appearance of new particles in the coastal atmosphere is an iodine species.
Whether or not this iodine species also participates in the nucleation of new stable clusters could not be completely verified.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | PAR 14-1-PAR 14-14 |
| Journal | Journal of Geophysical Research |
| Volume | 107 |
| Issue number | D19 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2002 |
| MoE publication type | A1 Journal article-refereed |
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Keywords
- nanoparticles
- transmission electron microscopy
- iodine
- coastal atmosphere
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Biogenic iodine emissions and identification of end-products in coastal ultrafine particles during nucleation bursts. / Mäkelä, J. M.; Hoffmann, T.; Holzke, C.; Väkevä, M.; Suni, T.; Mattila, T.; Aalto, P. P.; Tapper, Unto; Kauppinen, Esko I.; O'Dowd, C. D.
In: Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 107, No. D19, 2002, p. PAR 14-1-PAR 14-14.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review
TY - JOUR
T1 - Biogenic iodine emissions and identification of end-products in coastal ultrafine particles during nucleation bursts
AU - Mäkelä, J. M.
AU - Hoffmann, T.
AU - Holzke, C.
AU - Väkevä, M.
AU - Suni, T.
AU - Mattila, T.
AU - Aalto, P. P.
AU - Tapper, Unto
AU - Kauppinen, Esko I.
AU - O'Dowd, C. D.
PY - 2002
Y1 - 2002
N2 - Ultrafine particles sampled during new particle formation bursts observed in the coastal zone were studied with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and elemental analysis using energy‐dispersive X ray (EDX). It was observed that both iodine and sulphur were present in the new particles with diameter below 10 mn. Gaseous emissions of halogen compounds from seaweeds were also measured at the same location during low‐tide particle nucleation episodes. Based on the presence of iodine in the particle phase during low‐tide nucleation bursts, and the significant emission of iodine compounds from the seaweeds during these periods, it is apparent that part of the biogenic iodine species emitted from the seaweeds end up in the ultrafine particulate phase. It was not possible to quantitatively determine the iodine content in the particles; however, in most cases the relative contribution from iodine and sulphate was similar, while some cases indicated no sulphate. On larger sized particles the contribution of sulphate was significantly higher than iodine. It appears that the condensable species leading to the appearance of new particles in the coastal atmosphere is an iodine species. Whether or not this iodine species also participates in the nucleation of new stable clusters could not be completely verified.
AB - Ultrafine particles sampled during new particle formation bursts observed in the coastal zone were studied with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and elemental analysis using energy‐dispersive X ray (EDX). It was observed that both iodine and sulphur were present in the new particles with diameter below 10 mn. Gaseous emissions of halogen compounds from seaweeds were also measured at the same location during low‐tide particle nucleation episodes. Based on the presence of iodine in the particle phase during low‐tide nucleation bursts, and the significant emission of iodine compounds from the seaweeds during these periods, it is apparent that part of the biogenic iodine species emitted from the seaweeds end up in the ultrafine particulate phase. It was not possible to quantitatively determine the iodine content in the particles; however, in most cases the relative contribution from iodine and sulphate was similar, while some cases indicated no sulphate. On larger sized particles the contribution of sulphate was significantly higher than iodine. It appears that the condensable species leading to the appearance of new particles in the coastal atmosphere is an iodine species. Whether or not this iodine species also participates in the nucleation of new stable clusters could not be completely verified.
KW - nanoparticles
KW - transmission electron microscopy
KW - iodine
KW - coastal atmosphere
UR - https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/toc/10.1002/(ISSN)2169-8996.PARFR1
U2 - 10.1029/2001JD000580
DO - 10.1029/2001JD000580
M3 - Article
VL - 107
SP - PAR 14-1-PAR 14-14
JO - Journal of Geophysical Research
JF - Journal of Geophysical Research
SN - 0148-0227
IS - D19
ER -