Abstract
The integration of biologically inspired materials into photonic device fabrication offers a promising route toward sustainable and biocompatible alternative to conventional in inorganic or petroleum based synthetic materials used in optoelectronic systems. In this work, we present a biosynthetic approach for waveguide fabrication utilizing a biomimetic - de novo designed elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) formulated into an all-water-based photoresist compatible with two-photon polymerization (2PP). The ELP was genetically engineered and recombinantly produced in microbes for enhanced molecular stability, a critical feature for withstanding both localized and bulk temperature increases that occur during high-intensity laser exposure during printing. The resulting ELP formulation supported direct writing of waveguide architecture without the need for organic solvents, harsh processing steps, or post-functionalization. This aqueous resist formulation exhibits high stability during printing and retains its structural integrity upon curing, making it a promising candidate for environmentally friendly, soft-material photonics. This work establishes a foundation for using biosynthetic polypeptides in the fabrication of functional photonic elements and demonstrates a step toward greener, protein-based optoelectronic manufacturing technologies.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 13-23 |
| Number of pages | 11 |
| Journal | Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal |
| Volume | 33 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2026 |
| MoE publication type | A1 Journal article-refereed |
Funding
This work was supported by the Academy of Finland project 348628, and internal funding from the VTT Technical Research Center of Finland, Ltd.
Keywords
- Bioinspired materials engineering
- Fabrication
- Structural biotechnology
- Elastin-like polypeptide (ELP)
- Protein-based
- Sustainable biomaterials