Black carbon measurements using different marine fuels

Päivi Aakko-Saksa; timo Murtonen; Hannu Vesala; Päivi Koponen; Sami Nyyssönen; Harri Puustinen; Kati Lehtoranta; Hilkka Timonen; Kimmo Teinilä; Risto Hillamo; Panu Karjalainen; Niina Kuittinen; Pauli Simonen; Topi Rönkkö; Jorma Keskinen; Erkka Saukko; Monica Tutuiany; Roman Fischerleitner; Liisa Pirjola; Olli-Pekka Brunila; Esa Hämäläinen

Black carbon measurements using different marine fuels

Päivi Aakko-Saksa (Corresponding author), timo Murtonen, Hannu Vesala, Päivi Koponen, Sami Nyyssönen, Harri Puustinen, Kati Lehtoranta, Hilkka Timonen, Kimmo Teinilä, Risto Hillamo, Panu Karjalainen, Niina Kuittinen, Pauli Simonen, Topi Rönkkö, Jorma Keskinen, Erkka Saukko, Monica Tutuiany, Roman Fischerleitner, Liisa Pirjola, Olli-Pekka BrunilaEsa Hämäläinen

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Professional

Abstract

Ship emissions are anticipated to increase with the expected rise in commercial shipping, particularly in the Arctic, if preventive actions are not implemented. Shipping represents 9% of the global SOx emissions and 18-30% of the global NOx emissions. Share of shipping in the global black carbon (BC) emissions is less than 2%, however, in the north of 70° latitude BC mostly originate from shipping [1, 2]. BC increases global warming and ice melting through deposition on ice and snow. The international maritime organisation (IMO) limit for BC is anticipated, and work is launched to establish definition and methodology for BC. BC measurements and its definition are known to be challenging. For example, results from different experimental techniques, absorptive, refractive and thermal, differ from each other, but only a few studies provide detailed insight on the BC emissions from ships. This work on BC measurement techniques is realised within the "SEA-EFFECTS BC" project in co-operation with research organisations and industrial partners. BC emissions were measured with Wärtsilä Vasa 4R32 marine engine at VTT's laboratory by using IMO relevant measurement methods, for example OC/EC, MAAP, FSN, MSS and PAS. In-depth analysis of other emissions in parallel to BC measurements were used to increase understanding of the results obtained with different techniques, which is a prerequisite for further development. Tested fuels with sulfur contents ranging from 0.1% to 3.5% were used in order to generate different exhaust gases from marine engine in realistic conditions. Preliminary analysis of the results by using different techniques to measure BC emissions from ships are shown. Future work will focus on the on-board validation of measurement methods, and in-depth evaluation of the results to increase understanding of applicability of the methods. Other aspects of the "SEA-EFFECTS BC" project deal with on-line monitoring and business opportunities in the field of emission measurements.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	CIMAC Technical Paper Database
Number of pages	17
Publication status	Published - 2016
MoE publication type	D3 Professional conference proceedings
Event	28th CIMAC World Congress - Helsinki, Finland Duration: 6 Jun 2016 → 10 Jun 2016

Conference

Conference	28th CIMAC World Congress
Country/Territory	Finland
City	Helsinki
Period	6/06/16 → 10/06/16

Cite this

Aakko-Saksa, P., Murtonen, T., Vesala, H., Koponen, P., Nyyssönen, S., Puustinen, H., Lehtoranta, K., Timonen, H., Teinilä, K., Hillamo, R., Karjalainen, P., Kuittinen, N., Simonen, P., Rönkkö, T., Keskinen, J., Saukko, E., Tutuiany, M., Fischerleitner, R., Pirjola, L., ... Hämäläinen, E. (2016). Black carbon measurements using different marine fuels. In CIMAC Technical Paper Database

@inproceedings{9068021a207347e6ab33f0a47b208f8a,

title = "Black carbon measurements using different marine fuels",

abstract = "Ship emissions are anticipated to increase with the expected rise in commercial shipping, particularly in the Arctic, if preventive actions are not implemented. Shipping represents 9% of the global SOx emissions and 18-30% of the global NOx emissions. Share of shipping in the global black carbon (BC) emissions is less than 2%, however, in the north of 70° latitude BC mostly originate from shipping [1, 2]. BC increases global warming and ice melting through deposition on ice and snow. The international maritime organisation (IMO) limit for BC is anticipated, and work is launched to establish definition and methodology for BC. BC measurements and its definition are known to be challenging. For example, results from different experimental techniques, absorptive, refractive and thermal, differ from each other, but only a few studies provide detailed insight on the BC emissions from ships. This work on BC measurement techniques is realised within the {"}SEA-EFFECTS BC{"} project in co-operation with research organisations and industrial partners. BC emissions were measured with W{\"a}rtsil{\"a} Vasa 4R32 marine engine at VTT's laboratory by using IMO relevant measurement methods, for example OC/EC, MAAP, FSN, MSS and PAS. In-depth analysis of other emissions in parallel to BC measurements were used to increase understanding of the results obtained with different techniques, which is a prerequisite for further development. Tested fuels with sulfur contents ranging from 0.1% to 3.5% were used in order to generate different exhaust gases from marine engine in realistic conditions. Preliminary analysis of the results by using different techniques to measure BC emissions from ships are shown. Future work will focus on the on-board validation of measurement methods, and in-depth evaluation of the results to increase understanding of applicability of the methods. Other aspects of the {"}SEA-EFFECTS BC{"} project deal with on-line monitoring and business opportunities in the field of emission measurements.",

author = "P{\"a}ivi Aakko-Saksa and timo Murtonen and Hannu Vesala and P{\"a}ivi Koponen and Sami Nyyss{\"o}nen and Harri Puustinen and Kati Lehtoranta and Hilkka Timonen and Kimmo Teinil{\"a} and Risto Hillamo and Panu Karjalainen and Niina Kuittinen and Pauli Simonen and Topi R{\"o}nkk{\"o} and Jorma Keskinen and Erkka Saukko and Monica Tutuiany and Roman Fischerleitner and Liisa Pirjola and Olli-Pekka Brunila and Esa H{\"a}m{\"a}l{\"a}inen",

year = "2016",

language = "English",

booktitle = "CIMAC Technical Paper Database",

note = "28th CIMAC World Congress ; Conference date: 06-06-2016 Through 10-06-2016",

}

Aakko-Saksa, P, Murtonen, T, Vesala, H, Koponen, P, Nyyssönen, S, Puustinen, H, Lehtoranta, K, Timonen, H, Teinilä, K, Hillamo, R, Karjalainen, P, Kuittinen, N, Simonen, P, Rönkkö, T, Keskinen, J, Saukko, E, Tutuiany, M, Fischerleitner, R, Pirjola, L, Brunila, O-P & Hämäläinen, E 2016, Black carbon measurements using different marine fuels. in CIMAC Technical Paper Database. 28th CIMAC World Congress , Helsinki, Finland, 6/06/16.

TY - GEN

T1 - Black carbon measurements using different marine fuels

AU - Aakko-Saksa, Päivi

AU - Murtonen, timo

AU - Vesala, Hannu

AU - Koponen, Päivi

AU - Nyyssönen, Sami

AU - Puustinen, Harri

AU - Lehtoranta, Kati

AU - Timonen, Hilkka

AU - Teinilä, Kimmo

AU - Hillamo, Risto

AU - Karjalainen, Panu

AU - Kuittinen, Niina

AU - Simonen, Pauli

AU - Rönkkö, Topi

AU - Keskinen, Jorma

AU - Saukko, Erkka

AU - Tutuiany, Monica

AU - Fischerleitner, Roman

AU - Pirjola, Liisa

AU - Brunila, Olli-Pekka

AU - Hämäläinen, Esa

PY - 2016

Y1 - 2016

N2 - Ship emissions are anticipated to increase with the expected rise in commercial shipping, particularly in the Arctic, if preventive actions are not implemented. Shipping represents 9% of the global SOx emissions and 18-30% of the global NOx emissions. Share of shipping in the global black carbon (BC) emissions is less than 2%, however, in the north of 70° latitude BC mostly originate from shipping [1, 2]. BC increases global warming and ice melting through deposition on ice and snow. The international maritime organisation (IMO) limit for BC is anticipated, and work is launched to establish definition and methodology for BC. BC measurements and its definition are known to be challenging. For example, results from different experimental techniques, absorptive, refractive and thermal, differ from each other, but only a few studies provide detailed insight on the BC emissions from ships. This work on BC measurement techniques is realised within the "SEA-EFFECTS BC" project in co-operation with research organisations and industrial partners. BC emissions were measured with Wärtsilä Vasa 4R32 marine engine at VTT's laboratory by using IMO relevant measurement methods, for example OC/EC, MAAP, FSN, MSS and PAS. In-depth analysis of other emissions in parallel to BC measurements were used to increase understanding of the results obtained with different techniques, which is a prerequisite for further development. Tested fuels with sulfur contents ranging from 0.1% to 3.5% were used in order to generate different exhaust gases from marine engine in realistic conditions. Preliminary analysis of the results by using different techniques to measure BC emissions from ships are shown. Future work will focus on the on-board validation of measurement methods, and in-depth evaluation of the results to increase understanding of applicability of the methods. Other aspects of the "SEA-EFFECTS BC" project deal with on-line monitoring and business opportunities in the field of emission measurements.

AB - Ship emissions are anticipated to increase with the expected rise in commercial shipping, particularly in the Arctic, if preventive actions are not implemented. Shipping represents 9% of the global SOx emissions and 18-30% of the global NOx emissions. Share of shipping in the global black carbon (BC) emissions is less than 2%, however, in the north of 70° latitude BC mostly originate from shipping [1, 2]. BC increases global warming and ice melting through deposition on ice and snow. The international maritime organisation (IMO) limit for BC is anticipated, and work is launched to establish definition and methodology for BC. BC measurements and its definition are known to be challenging. For example, results from different experimental techniques, absorptive, refractive and thermal, differ from each other, but only a few studies provide detailed insight on the BC emissions from ships. This work on BC measurement techniques is realised within the "SEA-EFFECTS BC" project in co-operation with research organisations and industrial partners. BC emissions were measured with Wärtsilä Vasa 4R32 marine engine at VTT's laboratory by using IMO relevant measurement methods, for example OC/EC, MAAP, FSN, MSS and PAS. In-depth analysis of other emissions in parallel to BC measurements were used to increase understanding of the results obtained with different techniques, which is a prerequisite for further development. Tested fuels with sulfur contents ranging from 0.1% to 3.5% were used in order to generate different exhaust gases from marine engine in realistic conditions. Preliminary analysis of the results by using different techniques to measure BC emissions from ships are shown. Future work will focus on the on-board validation of measurement methods, and in-depth evaluation of the results to increase understanding of applicability of the methods. Other aspects of the "SEA-EFFECTS BC" project deal with on-line monitoring and business opportunities in the field of emission measurements.

UR - https://www.cimac.com/cms/upload/events/cascades/CASCADES_2017_Finland/10_Pivi_Aakko_Saksa_CIMAC_Cascades_2017_BCresults.pdf

UR - http://www.cimac.com/publication-press/technical-database/index.html

M3 - Conference article in proceedings

BT - CIMAC Technical Paper Database

T2 - 28th CIMAC World Congress

Y2 - 6 June 2016 through 10 June 2016

ER -

Black carbon measurements using different marine fuels

Abstract

Conference

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