@article{84dc3675126b4571a260740b9154a86c,
title = "Calcium nitrate: A chemical admixture to inhibit aggregate dissolution and mitigate expansion caused by alkali-silica reaction",
abstract = "Alkali-silica reaction (ASR) is a significant cause of the degradation of concrete structures. ASR results from the dissolution of reactive silicate aggregates and the subsequent formation of damaging, expansive ASR gels. Despite the prevalence of ASR, so far only lithium-based chemical admixtures have been shown to be successful in mitigating its deleterious effects. Herein, dissolved calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2: CN) is demonstrated to reduce ASR-induced expansion caused by the use of sodium borosilicate (NBS) glass as a model reactive aggregate. The significance of reductions of NBS-glass dissolution and mortar-bar expansion rates is discussed, with special focus on highlighting the mechanism by which calcium nitrate mitigates ASR, i.e., by the inhibition of aggregate dissolution. This study reveals a new and cost-effective pathway to suppress aggregate dissolution and ASR in concrete based on the dosage of soluble alkaline-earth additives.",
keywords = "alkali-silica reaction, borosilicate glass, dissolution, expansion, calcium",
author = "Tandre Oey and Erika Callagon and Gabriel Falzone and Yi-Hsuan Hsiao and Akira Wada and Linda Monfardini and Mathieu Bauchy and Jeffrey Bullard and Gaurav Sant",
note = "Funding Information: The authors acknowledge financial support for this research provisioned by COMAX: a joint UCLA-NIST consortium that is supported by its industry and government agency partners, the Department of Energy's Nuclear Energy University Program ( DE-NE0008398 ), and the National Science Foundation (CAREER Award: 1253269 ). The contents of this paper reflect the views and opinions of the authors, who are responsible for the accuracy of data presented herein. This research was conducted in the Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC 2 ) and the Molecular Instrumentation Center (MIC) at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). As such, the authors gratefully acknowledge the support that has made these laboratories and their operations possible. GNS acknowledges discretionary support for this research provided by the Henry Samueli Fellowship, and many years of insightful discussions with Prof. Jacob N. Israelachvili (UC-Santa Barbara) on the mechanisms of silicate dissolution. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 Elsevier Ltd Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",
year = "2020",
month = jul,
doi = "10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2020.103592",
language = "English",
volume = "110",
journal = "Cement and Concrete Composites",
issn = "0958-9465",
publisher = "Elsevier",
}