Challenges in reaching positive energy building level in apartment buildings in the Nordic climate: A techno-economic analysis

Engineering

• Buildings 100%
• Energy Building 83%
• Energy Systems 41%
• Investment Cost 33%
• Lifecycle Cost 33%
• Energy Engineering 33%
• Photovoltaics 16%
• Apartment Building 16%
• Energy Demand 16%
• Renewable Energy 8%
• Renewables 8%
• Computer Simulation 8%
• Renewable Conversion 8%
• Simulation Software 8%
• Operational Cost 8%
• Seasonal Thermal Energy Storage 8%
• Building Heating 8%
• Building Stock 8%
• Nearly Zero-Energy Building 8%
• Thermal System 8%
• Cash Flow 8%
• Additional Cost 8%
• Cold Climate 8%
• Renewable Generation 8%
• Control Strategy 8%
• System Cost 8%
• Models 8%
• Heat Pump System 8%
• Integration 8%
• Research 8%
• Performance 8%
• Design 8%
• Economics 8%
• Supports 8%
• Renewable Energy System 8%
• Large Amount 8%
• Heating 8%
• Installation 8%
• Roofs 8%