Abstract
The most important properties of fibrillated celluloses
and the state-of-the-art methods for their
characterization are discussed on the basis of literature
review and our collective experience on the material.
Five mechanically manufactured fibrillated celluloses
were analysed with a combination of methods, revealing
information on their morphology, rheological properties,
average size and size distribution and amount of the true
nano-sized material. The results showed that the studied
samples differed greatly in their properties. The
phenomena behind their behaviour proved to be complex,
and any single characterization method cannot be used to
describe their properties and behaviour. Instead, a
combination of different methods based on different
measuring principles must be applied. Based on the
results, a basic characterization package can now be
recommended for chemically un-modified fibrillated
celluloses, including shear viscosity and transmittance
measurements, as well as evaluation of appearance,
morphology and fibril size by optical and electron
microscopy
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 129-143 |
Number of pages | 15 |
Journal | Nordic Pulp and Paper Research Journal |
Volume | 29 |
Issue number | 1 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2014 |
MoE publication type | A1 Journal article-refereed |
Keywords
- Cellulose microfibrils (CMF)
- Cellulose nanofibrils (CNF)
- characterization
- microscopy
- low shear viscosity
- transmittance