Chemical compatibility of lactic acid-grafted starch nanocrystals (SNCs) with polylactic acid (PLA)

Somayeh Sharafi Zamir; Mohammad Reza Frouzanmehr; Malladi Nagalakshmaiah; Abdellah Ajji; Mathieu Robert; Said Elkoun

doi:10.1007/s00289-018-2548-y

Chemical compatibility of lactic acid-grafted starch nanocrystals (SNCs) with polylactic acid (PLA)

Somayeh Sharafi Zamir
, Mohammad Reza Frouzanmehr
, Malladi Nagalakshmaiah
, Abdellah Ajji
, Mathieu Robert
, Said Elkoun^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Not published at VTT

Université de Sherbrooke
Polytechnique Montréal

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

18 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

In this work, starch nanocrystals were chemically grafted with lactic acid using esterification reaction and its compatibility with poly (lactic acid) (PLA). Initially, ungrafted and grafted starch nanocrystals were characterized to understand the crystalline, functional, thermal and morphological properties by means of wide-angle X-ray scattering, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The results confirmed that the surface of starch nanocrystals was successfully modified with lactic acid. Subsequently, grafted starch nanocrystals were blended, in solution, with PLA at different concentrations ranging from 5 to 30 wt%. Then, starch nanocrystals/PLA films were prepared using solvent casting technique. The influence of the grafted starch nanocrystals, at different concentrations, on thermal, mechanical and morphological properties of resulting PLA nanocomposites was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The results revealed that the interfacial adhesion and the compatibility between starch nanocrystals and PLA matrix were substantially improved by the grafting. This improved compatibility between grafted starch nanocrystals and PLA led to a significant increase in PLA nanocomposites crystallinity as compared to neat PLA.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	3481-3499
Number of pages	19
Journal	Polymer Bulletin
Volume	76
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-018-2548-y
Publication status	Published - 1 Jul 2019
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Funding

Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank National Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada, Centre Québecois des Matériaux Fonctionnels (CQMF) and Research Center for High Performance Polymer and Composite Systems (CREPEC) of Fonds de Recherche du Québec Nature et Technologie (FRQNT) for financial support.

Keywords

Chemical grafting
Crystallinity
Interfacial adhesion
PLA nanocomposites
Starch nanocrystals

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10.1007/s00289-018-2548-y

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title = "Chemical compatibility of lactic acid-grafted starch nanocrystals (SNCs) with polylactic acid (PLA)",

abstract = "In this work, starch nanocrystals were chemically grafted with lactic acid using esterification reaction and its compatibility with poly (lactic acid) (PLA). Initially, ungrafted and grafted starch nanocrystals were characterized to understand the crystalline, functional, thermal and morphological properties by means of wide-angle X-ray scattering, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The results confirmed that the surface of starch nanocrystals was successfully modified with lactic acid. Subsequently, grafted starch nanocrystals were blended, in solution, with PLA at different concentrations ranging from 5 to 30 wt\%. Then, starch nanocrystals/PLA films were prepared using solvent casting technique. The influence of the grafted starch nanocrystals, at different concentrations, on thermal, mechanical and morphological properties of resulting PLA nanocomposites was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The results revealed that the interfacial adhesion and the compatibility between starch nanocrystals and PLA matrix were substantially improved by the grafting. This improved compatibility between grafted starch nanocrystals and PLA led to a significant increase in PLA nanocomposites crystallinity as compared to neat PLA.",

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AU - Zamir, Somayeh Sharafi

AU - Frouzanmehr, Mohammad Reza

AU - Nagalakshmaiah, Malladi

AU - Ajji, Abdellah

AU - Robert, Mathieu

AU - Elkoun, Said

PY - 2019/7/1

Y1 - 2019/7/1

N2 - In this work, starch nanocrystals were chemically grafted with lactic acid using esterification reaction and its compatibility with poly (lactic acid) (PLA). Initially, ungrafted and grafted starch nanocrystals were characterized to understand the crystalline, functional, thermal and morphological properties by means of wide-angle X-ray scattering, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The results confirmed that the surface of starch nanocrystals was successfully modified with lactic acid. Subsequently, grafted starch nanocrystals were blended, in solution, with PLA at different concentrations ranging from 5 to 30 wt%. Then, starch nanocrystals/PLA films were prepared using solvent casting technique. The influence of the grafted starch nanocrystals, at different concentrations, on thermal, mechanical and morphological properties of resulting PLA nanocomposites was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The results revealed that the interfacial adhesion and the compatibility between starch nanocrystals and PLA matrix were substantially improved by the grafting. This improved compatibility between grafted starch nanocrystals and PLA led to a significant increase in PLA nanocomposites crystallinity as compared to neat PLA.

AB - In this work, starch nanocrystals were chemically grafted with lactic acid using esterification reaction and its compatibility with poly (lactic acid) (PLA). Initially, ungrafted and grafted starch nanocrystals were characterized to understand the crystalline, functional, thermal and morphological properties by means of wide-angle X-ray scattering, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The results confirmed that the surface of starch nanocrystals was successfully modified with lactic acid. Subsequently, grafted starch nanocrystals were blended, in solution, with PLA at different concentrations ranging from 5 to 30 wt%. Then, starch nanocrystals/PLA films were prepared using solvent casting technique. The influence of the grafted starch nanocrystals, at different concentrations, on thermal, mechanical and morphological properties of resulting PLA nanocomposites was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The results revealed that the interfacial adhesion and the compatibility between starch nanocrystals and PLA matrix were substantially improved by the grafting. This improved compatibility between grafted starch nanocrystals and PLA led to a significant increase in PLA nanocomposites crystallinity as compared to neat PLA.

KW - Chemical grafting

KW - Crystallinity

KW - Interfacial adhesion

KW - PLA nanocomposites

KW - Starch nanocrystals

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JO - Polymer Bulletin

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ER -

Chemical compatibility of lactic acid-grafted starch nanocrystals (SNCs) with polylactic acid (PLA)

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