TY - JOUR
T1 - Chemical Modification of Reducing End-Groups in Cellulose Nanocrystals
AU - Heise, Katja
AU - Delepierre, Gwendoline
AU - King, Alistair W.T.
AU - Kostiainen, Mauri A.
AU - Zoppe, Justin
AU - Weder, Christoph
AU - Kontturi, Eero
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was a part of the Academy of Finland's Flagship Program (project numbers 318890 and 318891, Competence Center for Materials Bioeconomy, FinnCERES). G.D. and J.Z. acknowledge the funding provided by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) and the Adolphe Merkle Foundation (Ambizione Grant No. PZ00P2?167900). A.W.T.K. acknowledges funding by the Academy of Finland (project 311255).
Funding Information:
This work was a part of the Academy of Finland's Flagship Program (project numbers 318890 and 318891, Competence Center for Materials Bioeconomy, FinnCERES). G.D. and J.Z. acknowledge the funding provided by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) and the Adolphe Merkle Foundation (Ambizione Grant No. PZ00P2 167900). A.W.T.K. acknowledges funding by the Academy of Finland (project 311255).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Authors. Published by Wiley-VCH GmbH
PY - 2021/1/4
Y1 - 2021/1/4
N2 - Native plant cellulose has an intrinsic supramolecular structure. Consequently, it can be isolated as nanocellulose species, which can be utilized as building blocks for renewable nanomaterials. The structure of cellulose also permits its end-wise modification, i.e., chemical reactions exclusively on one end of a cellulose chain or a nanocellulose particle. The premises for end-wise modification have been known for decades. Nevertheless, different approaches for the reactions have emerged only recently, because of formidable synthetic and analytical challenges associated with the issue, including the adverse reactivity of the cellulose reducing end and the low abundance of newly introduced functionalities. This Review gives a full account of the scientific underpinnings and challenges related to end-wise modification of cellulose nanocrystals. Furthermore, we present how the chemical modification of cellulose nanocrystal ends may be applied to directed assembly, resulting in numerous possibilities for the construction of new materials, such as responsive liquid crystal templates and composites with tailored interactions.
AB - Native plant cellulose has an intrinsic supramolecular structure. Consequently, it can be isolated as nanocellulose species, which can be utilized as building blocks for renewable nanomaterials. The structure of cellulose also permits its end-wise modification, i.e., chemical reactions exclusively on one end of a cellulose chain or a nanocellulose particle. The premises for end-wise modification have been known for decades. Nevertheless, different approaches for the reactions have emerged only recently, because of formidable synthetic and analytical challenges associated with the issue, including the adverse reactivity of the cellulose reducing end and the low abundance of newly introduced functionalities. This Review gives a full account of the scientific underpinnings and challenges related to end-wise modification of cellulose nanocrystals. Furthermore, we present how the chemical modification of cellulose nanocrystal ends may be applied to directed assembly, resulting in numerous possibilities for the construction of new materials, such as responsive liquid crystal templates and composites with tailored interactions.
KW - analytical methods
KW - mutarotation
KW - nanostructures
KW - polymerization
KW - structure–activity relationships
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85090465346&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/anie.202002433
DO - 10.1002/anie.202002433
M3 - Review Article
C2 - 32329947
AN - SCOPUS:85090465346
SN - 1433-7851
VL - 60
SP - 66
EP - 87
JO - Angewandte Chemie: International Edition
JF - Angewandte Chemie: International Edition
IS - 1
ER -
