Abstract
Hydrogels of TEMPO-oxidized nanocellulose were stabilized for dry-jet wet spinning using a shell of cellulose dissolved in 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-enium propionate ([DBNH][CO2Et]), a protic ionic liquid (PIL). Coagulation in an acidic water bath resulted in continuous core-shell filaments (CSFs) that were tough and flexible with an average dry (and wet) toughness of ∼11 (2) MJ·m-3 and elongation of ∼9 (14) %. The CSF morphology, chemical composition, thermal stability, crystallinity, and bacterial activity were assessed using scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, wide-angle X-ray scattering, and bacterial cell culturing, respectively. The coaxial wet spinning yields PIL-free systems carrying on the surface the cellulose II polymorph, which not only enhances the toughness of the filaments but facilities their functionalization.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 878-891 |
Number of pages | 14 |
Journal | Biomacromolecules |
Volume | 21 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2 Jan 2020 |
MoE publication type | A1 Journal article-refereed |
Funding
A.W.T.K. acknowledges the Academy of Finland for funding under the project “WTF-Click-Nano” (no. 311255). G.R. acknowledges the contribution of Becas Chile for supporting the postdoctoral studies at Aalto University, regular research project DIUBB 192212 2/R, and FAPEI UBB. The authors acknowledge the financial support of KAUTE—The Finnish Science Foundation for Technology and Economics, as well as the provision of facilities and technical support by Aalto University at OtaNano—Nanomicroscopy Center (Aalto-NMC). The authors also wish to acknowledge the Chilean National Commission for Scientific and Technological Research (Fondequip grant no. 170077).
Keywords
- Cellulose/analysis
- Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods
- Hydrogels/analysis
- Ionic Liquids/analysis
- Nanofibers/analysis
- Tensile Strength