Comparison of Japanese and European fire classification systems for surface linings

A comparison of the Japanese and European fire classification systems for surface linings is presented focusing on heat release. The fire test methods and criteria for product classes are described, as well as the background of the class limits.
The Japanese and European fire classification systems have a common reference scenario: fire in a small room. The test methods used in the classification are different in Japan and Europe, but the basic principle in the definition of the product performance classes is the same.

The main test methods for heat release of construction products in the Japanese and European fire classification systems are the cone calorimeter and the SBI test, respectively. A one-dimensional thermal flame spread model was applied to predict SBI test results on the basis of cone calorimeter data. A good correlation between the experimental and predicted Euroclasses was found.

The Japanese and European classifications on the basis of the cone calorimeter and SBI tests were compared for a series of 33 building products. For the majority of products, the classification systems are well consistent. However, different test methods and classification parameters cause inconsistencies in certain cases. The correspondence of classifications can be found by examining the product type and composition, and considering the features of the main fire tests of the classification systems.