TY - JOUR
T1 - Comprehensive characterization of wintertime submicron aerosol in a Nordic town influenced by residential wood combustion, traffic and industrial sources
AU - Barreira, Luis M.F.
AU - Lepistö, Teemu
AU - Salo, Laura
AU - Helin, Aku
AU - Aurela, Minna
AU - Saarikoski, Sanna
AU - Kuittinen, Niina
AU - Rönkkö, Topi
AU - Timonen, Hilkka
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Black Carbon Footprint project, funded by Business Finland (grant 528/31/2019) and participating companies, the European Commission, Horizon 2020 framework program (TUBE; grant no. 814978) and the ACCC Flagship funded by the Academy of Finland (grant nos. 337551 and 337552). The city of Raahe is also acknowledged for their help in air quality measurements.
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Black Carbon Footprint project, funded by Business Finland (grant 528/31/2019 ) and participating companies, the European Commission , Horizon 2020 framework program (TUBE; grant no. 814978 ) and the ACCC Flagship funded by the Academy of Finland (grant nos. 337551 and 337552 ). The city of Raahe is also acknowledged for their help in air quality measurements.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Turkish National Committee for Air Pollution Research and Control
PY - 2023/8
Y1 - 2023/8
N2 - Anthropogenic particulate matter with sizes smaller than 1 μm (PM1) is a concerning air pollutant that can affect human health. In this study, we present PM1 measurements performed in a small town in northern Finland that is exposed to contrasting sources (residential wood burning, traffic, industrial activities). The study was conducted in winter 2021, with a mobile laboratory equipped with sophisticated on-line aerosol instrumentation. The results showed a significant increase in particulate mass and number concentrations from biomass burning in residential areas and town centre due to the high share of residences using biomass burning. Organics and equivalent black carbon (eBC) clearly dominated the PM1 composition during the highest pollution levels, followed by inorganics (sulfate, nitrate and ammonium). PAHs and a few elements (e.g. K, Cl, Zn) were as well higher during evening. A source apportionment confirmed the association between high PM1 values and biomass burning, even though the traffic contribution was also important. PM1 measurements at an industrial area showed an increase in sulfate, organics, eBC, and a few elements (e.g. Cl, Na, Fe), and characteristic size distributions. Simultaneous measurements of lung deposited surface area (LDSA) of particles showed the source-specificity of biomass burning, traffic and industrial emissions on LSDA size distributions. Overall, the results enlighten the impact of relevant pollution sources on Nordic towns air quality during the coldest months and show the importance to also consider the chemical composition, particle numbers, and LDSA in future air quality metrics.
AB - Anthropogenic particulate matter with sizes smaller than 1 μm (PM1) is a concerning air pollutant that can affect human health. In this study, we present PM1 measurements performed in a small town in northern Finland that is exposed to contrasting sources (residential wood burning, traffic, industrial activities). The study was conducted in winter 2021, with a mobile laboratory equipped with sophisticated on-line aerosol instrumentation. The results showed a significant increase in particulate mass and number concentrations from biomass burning in residential areas and town centre due to the high share of residences using biomass burning. Organics and equivalent black carbon (eBC) clearly dominated the PM1 composition during the highest pollution levels, followed by inorganics (sulfate, nitrate and ammonium). PAHs and a few elements (e.g. K, Cl, Zn) were as well higher during evening. A source apportionment confirmed the association between high PM1 values and biomass burning, even though the traffic contribution was also important. PM1 measurements at an industrial area showed an increase in sulfate, organics, eBC, and a few elements (e.g. Cl, Na, Fe), and characteristic size distributions. Simultaneous measurements of lung deposited surface area (LDSA) of particles showed the source-specificity of biomass burning, traffic and industrial emissions on LSDA size distributions. Overall, the results enlighten the impact of relevant pollution sources on Nordic towns air quality during the coldest months and show the importance to also consider the chemical composition, particle numbers, and LDSA in future air quality metrics.
KW - Chemical composition
KW - Lung deposited surface area
KW - Northern latitude
KW - Sources contribution
KW - Wintertime air quality
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85164473108&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.apr.2023.101835
DO - 10.1016/j.apr.2023.101835
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85164473108
SN - 1309-1042
VL - 14
JO - Atmospheric Pollution Research
JF - Atmospheric Pollution Research
IS - 8
M1 - 101835
ER -
