Comprehensive emission characterisation of exhaust from alternative fuelled cars

P. Aakko-Saksa; P. Koponen; P. Roslund; J. Laurikko; N. O. Nylund; P. Karjalainen; T. Rönkkö; H. Timonen

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117643

Comprehensive emission characterisation of exhaust from alternative fuelled cars

P. Aakko-Saksa^*, P. Koponen, P. Roslund, J. Laurikko, N. O. Nylund, P. Karjalainen, T. Rönkkö, H. Timonen

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

28 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Exhaust emissions from Euro 2-6a cars using diesel, gasoline, high concentration ethanol (E85) fuel and compressed natural gas (CNG) were studied comprehensively, with a focus on results obtained at −7 °C test temperature. Higher emissions than desired were noticed in some cases, e.g. elevated methane emissions from natural gas fuelled cars, as well as methane and acetaldehyde emissions from E85 fuelled flexible fuel vehicles. Additionally, mutagenicity of PM samples and oxidative potential of semivolatile samples were observed. However, emission performance improved significantly when moving from older to newer Euro 6a cars, showing that low tailpipe exhaust emissions can be achieved when combining new car technology with CNG, E85, gasoline and diesel fuels. Furthermore, the climate impact of these technologies could reduce by using renewable counterparts of these fuels.

Original language	English
Article number	117643
Journal	Atmospheric Environment
Volume	236
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117643
Publication status	Published - 1 Sept 2020
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Keywords

Alternative fuels
Anions
Cars
EC
Emissions
Formaldehyde
Mutagenicity
Oxidative potential
PAH
Particles
Semivolatile

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10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117643

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title = "Comprehensive emission characterisation of exhaust from alternative fuelled cars",

abstract = "Exhaust emissions from Euro 2-6a cars using diesel, gasoline, high concentration ethanol (E85) fuel and compressed natural gas (CNG) were studied comprehensively, with a focus on results obtained at −7 °C test temperature. Higher emissions than desired were noticed in some cases, e.g. elevated methane emissions from natural gas fuelled cars, as well as methane and acetaldehyde emissions from E85 fuelled flexible fuel vehicles. Additionally, mutagenicity of PM samples and oxidative potential of semivolatile samples were observed. However, emission performance improved significantly when moving from older to newer Euro 6a cars, showing that low tailpipe exhaust emissions can be achieved when combining new car technology with CNG, E85, gasoline and diesel fuels. Furthermore, the climate impact of these technologies could reduce by using renewable counterparts of these fuels.",

keywords = "Alternative fuels, Anions, Cars, EC, Emissions, Formaldehyde, Mutagenicity, Oxidative potential, PAH, Particles, Semivolatile",

author = "P. Aakko-Saksa and P. Koponen and P. Roslund and J. Laurikko and Nylund, {N. O.} and P. Karjalainen and T. R{\"o}nkk{\"o} and H. Timonen",

note = "Funding Information: This research was carried out as part of the BioPilot (40223/13) and EFFICARUSE projects in Finland, and two projects of the Advanced Motor Fuels (AMF, www.iea-amf.org), Technology Collaboration Programme of the International Energy Agency (IEA). The AMF projects were: Annex 44 ″Unregulated Pollutants Emissions of Vehicles Fuelled with Alcohol Alternative Fuels” and Annex 22 “Particulate Emissions at Moderate and Cold Temperatures Using Different Fuels”. Financial support from Business Finland and from industrial partners is gratefully acknowledged. We are deeply grateful to all involved in conducting the measurements, particularly Hannu Vesala, Timo Murtonen, Pekka Piim{\"a}korpi, Tommi Hangasmaa and Reijo Mikkola. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020",

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AU - Laurikko, J.

AU - Nylund, N. O.

AU - Karjalainen, P.

AU - Rönkkö, T.

AU - Timonen, H.

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PY - 2020/9/1

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Comprehensive emission characterisation of exhaust from alternative fuelled cars

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Keywords

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