Connected and Automated Driving in Snowy and Icy Conditions - Results of Four Field-Testing Activities Carried Out in Finland

Ilkka Kotilainen; Chris Händel; Umar Zakir Abdul Hamid; Lasse Nykänen; Harri Santamala; Anna Schirokoff; Matti Autioniemi; Risto Öörni; Niklas Fieandt

doi:10.4271/12-04-01-0009

Connected and Automated Driving in Snowy and Icy Conditions - Results of Four Field-Testing Activities Carried Out in Finland

Ilkka Kotilainen
, Chris Händel
, Umar Zakir Abdul Hamid
, Lasse Nykänen
, Harri Santamala
, Anna Schirokoff
, Matti Autioniemi
, Risto Öörni
, Niklas Fieandt

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)

329 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Automated driving expected benefits, such as enhanced traffic safety, are only fully realized in the future when the vehicles are able to maneuver in all weather conditions. Finnish transport agencies and EU CEF-funded projects aim to study automated driving in icy and snowy conditions. The four studies on digital and physical infrastructures to support automated driving included post and poles, Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) hybrid communication, accurate positioning of vehicles, and vehicle remote control using cellular communication. The results present a prototype of passive radar reflector, a C-ITS hybrid communication solution, and a reliable positioning system for an automated vehicle in Arctic north extreme weather conditions. During the tests, ITS-G5 provided more stable Infrastructure to Vehicle (I2V) communication than commercial 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) but had more limited geographic coverage.

Original language	English
Article number	12-04-01-0009
Pages (from-to)	109-118
Number of pages	10
Journal	SAE International Journal of Connected and Automated Vehicles
Volume	4
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.4271/12-04-01-0009
Publication status	Published - 6 Apr 2021
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Keywords

automated vehicles
intelligent transportation systems
Icing and ice detection
weather and climate
research and development
visibility
mirrors

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.4271/12-04-01-0009

SAE_Connected-Automated-DrivingAccepted author manuscript, 1.63 MB

Cite this

Kotilainen, I., Händel, C., Hamid, U. Z. A., Nykänen, L., Santamala, H., Schirokoff, A., Autioniemi, M., Öörni, R., & Fieandt, N. (2021). Connected and Automated Driving in Snowy and Icy Conditions - Results of Four Field-Testing Activities Carried Out in Finland. SAE International Journal of Connected and Automated Vehicles, 4(1), 109-118. Article 12-04-01-0009. https://doi.org/10.4271/12-04-01-0009

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title = "Connected and Automated Driving in Snowy and Icy Conditions - Results of Four Field-Testing Activities Carried Out in Finland",

abstract = "Automated driving expected benefits, such as enhanced traffic safety, are only fully realized in the future when the vehicles are able to maneuver in all weather conditions. Finnish transport agencies and EU CEF-funded projects aim to study automated driving in icy and snowy conditions. The four studies on digital and physical infrastructures to support automated driving included post and poles, Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) hybrid communication, accurate positioning of vehicles, and vehicle remote control using cellular communication. The results present a prototype of passive radar reflector, a C-ITS hybrid communication solution, and a reliable positioning system for an automated vehicle in Arctic north extreme weather conditions. During the tests, ITS-G5 provided more stable Infrastructure to Vehicle (I2V) communication than commercial 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) but had more limited geographic coverage.",

keywords = "automated vehicles, intelligent transportation systems, Icing and ice detection, weather and climate, research and development, visibility, mirrors",

author = "Ilkka Kotilainen and Chris H{\"a}ndel and Hamid, \{Umar Zakir Abdul\} and Lasse Nyk{\"a}nen and Harri Santamala and Anna Schirokoff and Matti Autioniemi and Risto {\"O}{\"o}rni and Niklas Fieandt",

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Kotilainen, I, Händel, C, Hamid, UZA, Nykänen, L, Santamala, H, Schirokoff, A, Autioniemi, M, Öörni, R & Fieandt, N 2021, 'Connected and Automated Driving in Snowy and Icy Conditions - Results of Four Field-Testing Activities Carried Out in Finland', SAE International Journal of Connected and Automated Vehicles, vol. 4, no. 1, 12-04-01-0009, pp. 109-118. https://doi.org/10.4271/12-04-01-0009

Connected and Automated Driving in Snowy and Icy Conditions - Results of Four Field-Testing Activities Carried Out in Finland. / Kotilainen, Ilkka; Händel, Chris; Hamid, Umar Zakir Abdul et al.
In: SAE International Journal of Connected and Automated Vehicles, Vol. 4, No. 1, 12-04-01-0009, 06.04.2021, p. 109-118.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Connected and Automated Driving in Snowy and Icy Conditions - Results of Four Field-Testing Activities Carried Out in Finland

AU - Kotilainen, Ilkka

AU - Händel, Chris

AU - Hamid, Umar Zakir Abdul

AU - Nykänen, Lasse

AU - Santamala, Harri

AU - Schirokoff, Anna

AU - Autioniemi, Matti

AU - Öörni, Risto

AU - Fieandt, Niklas

N1 - Project Arctic Challenge 116995

PY - 2021/4/6

Y1 - 2021/4/6

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AB - Automated driving expected benefits, such as enhanced traffic safety, are only fully realized in the future when the vehicles are able to maneuver in all weather conditions. Finnish transport agencies and EU CEF-funded projects aim to study automated driving in icy and snowy conditions. The four studies on digital and physical infrastructures to support automated driving included post and poles, Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) hybrid communication, accurate positioning of vehicles, and vehicle remote control using cellular communication. The results present a prototype of passive radar reflector, a C-ITS hybrid communication solution, and a reliable positioning system for an automated vehicle in Arctic north extreme weather conditions. During the tests, ITS-G5 provided more stable Infrastructure to Vehicle (I2V) communication than commercial 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) but had more limited geographic coverage.

KW - automated vehicles

KW - intelligent transportation systems

KW - Icing and ice detection

KW - weather and climate

KW - research and development

KW - visibility

KW - mirrors

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DO - 10.4271/12-04-01-0009

M3 - Article

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JF - SAE International Journal of Connected and Automated Vehicles

IS - 1

M1 - 12-04-01-0009

ER -

Connected and Automated Driving in Snowy and Icy Conditions - Results of Four Field-Testing Activities Carried Out in Finland

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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