Considerations in analysing elemental carbon from marine engine exhaust using residual, distillate and biofuels

Päivi Aakko-Saksa; Päivi Koponen; Minna Aurela; Hannu Vesala; Pekka Piimäkorpi; Timo Murtonen; Olli Sippula; Hanna Koponen; Panu Karjalainen; Niina Kuittinen; Pavlos Panteliadis; Topi Rönkkö; Hilkka Timonen

doi:10.1016/j.jaerosci.2018.09.005

Considerations in analysing elemental carbon from marine engine exhaust using residual, distillate and biofuels

Päivi Aakko-Saksa (Corresponding Author), Päivi Koponen, Minna Aurela, Hannu Vesala, Pekka Piimäkorpi, Timo Murtonen, Olli Sippula, Hanna Koponen, Panu Karjalainen, Niina Kuittinen, Pavlos Panteliadis, Topi Rönkkö, Hilkka Timonen

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

17 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Elemental carbon (EC) concentrations in the exhaust of a medium-speed marine engine was evaluated using thermal-optical analysis (TOA). Particulate matter (PM) samples were collected at 75% and 25% engine loads using residual and distillate fuels with sulphur contents of 2.5%, 0.5% and 0.1%, and a biofuel (30% of bio-component). The EC analysis of PM samples from a marine engine proved to be challenging. For example, transformations of structure of the sampled particles in the inert and the oxygen mode were observed for marine engine exhaust samples. The relationship between constituents present in the samples from the marine engine using different fuels, and phenomena observed in the thermograms are discussed. Temperature protocol selection and sample pre-treatment (extractions and drying) affected the reported EC mass. Modifications in the methodology were suggested to increase the accuracy of the analysis. Repeatability and reproducibility of the EC analysis was studied in the round-robin of three laboratories.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	191-204
Number of pages	14
Journal	Journal of Aerosol Science
Volume	126
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2018.09.005
Publication status	Published - 1 Dec 2018
MoE publication type	Not Eligible

Keywords

Elemental carbon EC
Fuel
Marine engine
Round-robin
Thermal-optical analysis TOA
Thermogram

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.jaerosci.2018.09.005

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Aakko-Saksa, P., Koponen, P., Aurela, M., Vesala, H., Piimäkorpi, P., Murtonen, T., Sippula, O., Koponen, H., Karjalainen, P., Kuittinen, N., Panteliadis, P., Rönkkö, T., & Timonen, H. (2018). Considerations in analysing elemental carbon from marine engine exhaust using residual, distillate and biofuels. Journal of Aerosol Science, 126, 191-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2018.09.005

@article{25ad48362a6d4da2aae912abe6f7552a,

title = "Considerations in analysing elemental carbon from marine engine exhaust using residual, distillate and biofuels",

abstract = "Elemental carbon (EC) concentrations in the exhaust of a medium-speed marine engine was evaluated using thermal-optical analysis (TOA). Particulate matter (PM) samples were collected at 75% and 25% engine loads using residual and distillate fuels with sulphur contents of 2.5%, 0.5% and 0.1%, and a biofuel (30% of bio-component). The EC analysis of PM samples from a marine engine proved to be challenging. For example, transformations of structure of the sampled particles in the inert and the oxygen mode were observed for marine engine exhaust samples. The relationship between constituents present in the samples from the marine engine using different fuels, and phenomena observed in the thermograms are discussed. Temperature protocol selection and sample pre-treatment (extractions and drying) affected the reported EC mass. Modifications in the methodology were suggested to increase the accuracy of the analysis. Repeatability and reproducibility of the EC analysis was studied in the round-robin of three laboratories.",

keywords = "Elemental carbon EC, Fuel, Marine engine, Round-robin, Thermal-optical analysis TOA, Thermogram",

author = "P{\"a}ivi Aakko-Saksa and P{\"a}ivi Koponen and Minna Aurela and Hannu Vesala and Pekka Piim{\"a}korpi and Timo Murtonen and Olli Sippula and Hanna Koponen and Panu Karjalainen and Niina Kuittinen and Pavlos Panteliadis and Topi R{\"o}nkk{\"o} and Hilkka Timonen",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by Tekes (the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation , Finland), Grant 40356/14 , Trafi ( Finnish Transport Safety Agency ) Grant 17834/2016 and industrial partners in Finland W{\"a}rtsil{\"a}, Pegasor, Spectral Engines, Gasmet, VG-Shipping, HaminaKotka Satama Oy, Oiltanking Finland Oy and Kine Robotics. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 Elsevier Ltd Copyright: Copyright 2019 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",

year = "2018",

month = dec,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1016/j.jaerosci.2018.09.005",

language = "English",

volume = "126",

pages = "191--204",

journal = "Journal of Aerosol Science",

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Aakko-Saksa, P, Koponen, P, Aurela, M, Vesala, H, Piimäkorpi, P, Murtonen, T, Sippula, O, Koponen, H, Karjalainen, P, Kuittinen, N, Panteliadis, P, Rönkkö, T & Timonen, H 2018, 'Considerations in analysing elemental carbon from marine engine exhaust using residual, distillate and biofuels', Journal of Aerosol Science, vol. 126, pp. 191-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2018.09.005

TY - JOUR

T1 - Considerations in analysing elemental carbon from marine engine exhaust using residual, distillate and biofuels

AU - Aakko-Saksa, Päivi

AU - Koponen, Päivi

AU - Aurela, Minna

AU - Vesala, Hannu

AU - Piimäkorpi, Pekka

AU - Murtonen, Timo

AU - Sippula, Olli

AU - Koponen, Hanna

AU - Karjalainen, Panu

AU - Kuittinen, Niina

AU - Panteliadis, Pavlos

AU - Rönkkö, Topi

AU - Timonen, Hilkka

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by Tekes (the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation , Finland), Grant 40356/14 , Trafi ( Finnish Transport Safety Agency ) Grant 17834/2016 and industrial partners in Finland Wärtsilä, Pegasor, Spectral Engines, Gasmet, VG-Shipping, HaminaKotka Satama Oy, Oiltanking Finland Oy and Kine Robotics. Publisher Copyright: © 2018 Elsevier Ltd Copyright: Copyright 2019 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2018/12/1

Y1 - 2018/12/1

N2 - Elemental carbon (EC) concentrations in the exhaust of a medium-speed marine engine was evaluated using thermal-optical analysis (TOA). Particulate matter (PM) samples were collected at 75% and 25% engine loads using residual and distillate fuels with sulphur contents of 2.5%, 0.5% and 0.1%, and a biofuel (30% of bio-component). The EC analysis of PM samples from a marine engine proved to be challenging. For example, transformations of structure of the sampled particles in the inert and the oxygen mode were observed for marine engine exhaust samples. The relationship between constituents present in the samples from the marine engine using different fuels, and phenomena observed in the thermograms are discussed. Temperature protocol selection and sample pre-treatment (extractions and drying) affected the reported EC mass. Modifications in the methodology were suggested to increase the accuracy of the analysis. Repeatability and reproducibility of the EC analysis was studied in the round-robin of three laboratories.

AB - Elemental carbon (EC) concentrations in the exhaust of a medium-speed marine engine was evaluated using thermal-optical analysis (TOA). Particulate matter (PM) samples were collected at 75% and 25% engine loads using residual and distillate fuels with sulphur contents of 2.5%, 0.5% and 0.1%, and a biofuel (30% of bio-component). The EC analysis of PM samples from a marine engine proved to be challenging. For example, transformations of structure of the sampled particles in the inert and the oxygen mode were observed for marine engine exhaust samples. The relationship between constituents present in the samples from the marine engine using different fuels, and phenomena observed in the thermograms are discussed. Temperature protocol selection and sample pre-treatment (extractions and drying) affected the reported EC mass. Modifications in the methodology were suggested to increase the accuracy of the analysis. Repeatability and reproducibility of the EC analysis was studied in the round-robin of three laboratories.

KW - Elemental carbon EC

KW - Fuel

KW - Marine engine

KW - Round-robin

KW - Thermal-optical analysis TOA

KW - Thermogram

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85054296019&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2018.09.005

DO - 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2018.09.005

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85054296019

SN - 0021-8502

VL - 126

SP - 191

EP - 204

JO - Journal of Aerosol Science

JF - Journal of Aerosol Science

ER -

Considerations in analysing elemental carbon from marine engine exhaust using residual, distillate and biofuels

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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