Design, development and verification of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument 70 GHz Front-End and Back-End Modules

Jussi Varis, N.J. Hughes, M. Laaninen, V-H. Kilpiä, P. Jukkala, Jussi Tuovinen, S. Ovaska, P. Sjöman, P. Kangaslahti, T. Gaier, R. Hoyland, P. Meinhold, A. Mennella, M. Bersanelli, R.C. Butler, F. Cuttaia, E. Franceschi, R. Leonardi, P. Leutennegger, M. MalaspinaN. Mandolesi, M. Miccolis, T. Poutanen, H. Kurki-Suonio, M. Sandri, L. Stringhetti, L. Terenzi, M. Tomasi, L. Valenziano

    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

    12 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    70 GHz radiometer front-end and back-end modules for the Low Frequency Instrument of the European Space Agency's Planck Mission were built and tested. The operating principles and the design details of the mechanical structures are described along with the key InP MMIC low noise amplifiers and phase switches of the units. The units were tested in specially designed cryogenic vacuum chambers capable of producing the operating conditions required for Planck radiometers, specifically, a physical temperature of 20 K for the front-end modules, 300 K for the back-end modules and 4 K for the reference signal sources. Test results of the low noise amplifiers and phase switches, the front and back-end modules, and the combined results of both modules are discussed. At 70 GHz frequency, the system noise temperature of the front and back end is 28 K; the effective bandwidth 16 GHz, and the 1/f spectrum knee frequency is 38 mHz.The test results indicate state-of-the-art performance at 70 GHz frequency and fulfil the Planck performance requirements.
    Original languageEnglish
    Article numberT12001
    JournalJournal of Instrumentation
    Volume4
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 2009
    MoE publication typeA1 Journal article-refereed

    Fingerprint

    Low noise amplifiers
    Radiometers
    Low Frequency
    modules
    Switches
    low frequencies
    Module
    Low Noise Amplifier
    Monolithic microwave integrated circuits
    Cryogenics
    Radiometer
    radiometers
    low noise
    Vacuum
    Switch
    Bandwidth
    switches
    Temperature
    amplifiers
    Effective Bandwidth

    Keywords

    • Space instrumentation
    • HEMT amplifiers
    • Microwave radiometers
    • Instruments for CMB observations

    Cite this

    Varis, Jussi ; Hughes, N.J. ; Laaninen, M. ; Kilpiä, V-H. ; Jukkala, P. ; Tuovinen, Jussi ; Ovaska, S. ; Sjöman, P. ; Kangaslahti, P. ; Gaier, T. ; Hoyland, R. ; Meinhold, P. ; Mennella, A. ; Bersanelli, M. ; Butler, R.C. ; Cuttaia, F. ; Franceschi, E. ; Leonardi, R. ; Leutennegger, P. ; Malaspina, M. ; Mandolesi, N. ; Miccolis, M. ; Poutanen, T. ; Kurki-Suonio, H. ; Sandri, M. ; Stringhetti, L. ; Terenzi, L. ; Tomasi, M. ; Valenziano, L. / Design, development and verification of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument 70 GHz Front-End and Back-End Modules. In: Journal of Instrumentation. 2009 ; Vol. 4.
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    title = "Design, development and verification of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument 70 GHz Front-End and Back-End Modules",
    abstract = "70 GHz radiometer front-end and back-end modules for the Low Frequency Instrument of the European Space Agency's Planck Mission were built and tested. The operating principles and the design details of the mechanical structures are described along with the key InP MMIC low noise amplifiers and phase switches of the units. The units were tested in specially designed cryogenic vacuum chambers capable of producing the operating conditions required for Planck radiometers, specifically, a physical temperature of 20 K for the front-end modules, 300 K for the back-end modules and 4 K for the reference signal sources. Test results of the low noise amplifiers and phase switches, the front and back-end modules, and the combined results of both modules are discussed. At 70 GHz frequency, the system noise temperature of the front and back end is 28 K; the effective bandwidth 16 GHz, and the 1/f spectrum knee frequency is 38 mHz.The test results indicate state-of-the-art performance at 70 GHz frequency and fulfil the Planck performance requirements.",
    keywords = "Space instrumentation, HEMT amplifiers, Microwave radiometers, Instruments for CMB observations",
    author = "Jussi Varis and N.J. Hughes and M. Laaninen and V-H. Kilpi{\"a} and P. Jukkala and Jussi Tuovinen and S. Ovaska and P. Sj{\"o}man and P. Kangaslahti and T. Gaier and R. Hoyland and P. Meinhold and A. Mennella and M. Bersanelli and R.C. Butler and F. Cuttaia and E. Franceschi and R. Leonardi and P. Leutennegger and M. Malaspina and N. Mandolesi and M. Miccolis and T. Poutanen and H. Kurki-Suonio and M. Sandri and L. Stringhetti and L. Terenzi and M. Tomasi and L. Valenziano",
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    year = "2009",
    doi = "10.1088/1748-0221/4/12/T12001",
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    volume = "4",
    journal = "Journal of Instrumentation",
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    Varis, J, Hughes, NJ, Laaninen, M, Kilpiä, V-H, Jukkala, P, Tuovinen, J, Ovaska, S, Sjöman, P, Kangaslahti, P, Gaier, T, Hoyland, R, Meinhold, P, Mennella, A, Bersanelli, M, Butler, RC, Cuttaia, F, Franceschi, E, Leonardi, R, Leutennegger, P, Malaspina, M, Mandolesi, N, Miccolis, M, Poutanen, T, Kurki-Suonio, H, Sandri, M, Stringhetti, L, Terenzi, L, Tomasi, M & Valenziano, L 2009, 'Design, development and verification of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument 70 GHz Front-End and Back-End Modules', Journal of Instrumentation, vol. 4, T12001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/4/12/T12001

    Design, development and verification of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument 70 GHz Front-End and Back-End Modules. / Varis, Jussi; Hughes, N.J.; Laaninen, M.; Kilpiä, V-H.; Jukkala, P.; Tuovinen, Jussi; Ovaska, S.; Sjöman, P.; Kangaslahti, P.; Gaier, T.; Hoyland, R.; Meinhold, P.; Mennella, A.; Bersanelli, M.; Butler, R.C.; Cuttaia, F.; Franceschi, E.; Leonardi, R.; Leutennegger, P.; Malaspina, M.; Mandolesi, N.; Miccolis, M.; Poutanen, T.; Kurki-Suonio, H.; Sandri, M.; Stringhetti, L.; Terenzi, L.; Tomasi, M.; Valenziano, L.

    In: Journal of Instrumentation, Vol. 4, T12001, 2009.

    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

    TY - JOUR

    T1 - Design, development and verification of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument 70 GHz Front-End and Back-End Modules

    AU - Varis, Jussi

    AU - Hughes, N.J.

    AU - Laaninen, M.

    AU - Kilpiä, V-H.

    AU - Jukkala, P.

    AU - Tuovinen, Jussi

    AU - Ovaska, S.

    AU - Sjöman, P.

    AU - Kangaslahti, P.

    AU - Gaier, T.

    AU - Hoyland, R.

    AU - Meinhold, P.

    AU - Mennella, A.

    AU - Bersanelli, M.

    AU - Butler, R.C.

    AU - Cuttaia, F.

    AU - Franceschi, E.

    AU - Leonardi, R.

    AU - Leutennegger, P.

    AU - Malaspina, M.

    AU - Mandolesi, N.

    AU - Miccolis, M.

    AU - Poutanen, T.

    AU - Kurki-Suonio, H.

    AU - Sandri, M.

    AU - Stringhetti, L.

    AU - Terenzi, L.

    AU - Tomasi, M.

    AU - Valenziano, L.

    N1 - Project code: 18080

    PY - 2009

    Y1 - 2009

    N2 - 70 GHz radiometer front-end and back-end modules for the Low Frequency Instrument of the European Space Agency's Planck Mission were built and tested. The operating principles and the design details of the mechanical structures are described along with the key InP MMIC low noise amplifiers and phase switches of the units. The units were tested in specially designed cryogenic vacuum chambers capable of producing the operating conditions required for Planck radiometers, specifically, a physical temperature of 20 K for the front-end modules, 300 K for the back-end modules and 4 K for the reference signal sources. Test results of the low noise amplifiers and phase switches, the front and back-end modules, and the combined results of both modules are discussed. At 70 GHz frequency, the system noise temperature of the front and back end is 28 K; the effective bandwidth 16 GHz, and the 1/f spectrum knee frequency is 38 mHz.The test results indicate state-of-the-art performance at 70 GHz frequency and fulfil the Planck performance requirements.

    AB - 70 GHz radiometer front-end and back-end modules for the Low Frequency Instrument of the European Space Agency's Planck Mission were built and tested. The operating principles and the design details of the mechanical structures are described along with the key InP MMIC low noise amplifiers and phase switches of the units. The units were tested in specially designed cryogenic vacuum chambers capable of producing the operating conditions required for Planck radiometers, specifically, a physical temperature of 20 K for the front-end modules, 300 K for the back-end modules and 4 K for the reference signal sources. Test results of the low noise amplifiers and phase switches, the front and back-end modules, and the combined results of both modules are discussed. At 70 GHz frequency, the system noise temperature of the front and back end is 28 K; the effective bandwidth 16 GHz, and the 1/f spectrum knee frequency is 38 mHz.The test results indicate state-of-the-art performance at 70 GHz frequency and fulfil the Planck performance requirements.

    KW - Space instrumentation

    KW - HEMT amplifiers

    KW - Microwave radiometers

    KW - Instruments for CMB observations

    U2 - 10.1088/1748-0221/4/12/T12001

    DO - 10.1088/1748-0221/4/12/T12001

    M3 - Article

    VL - 4

    JO - Journal of Instrumentation

    JF - Journal of Instrumentation

    SN - 1748-0221

    M1 - T12001

    ER -

    Varis J, Hughes NJ, Laaninen M, Kilpiä V-H, Jukkala P, Tuovinen J et al. Design, development and verification of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument 70 GHz Front-End and Back-End Modules. Journal of Instrumentation. 2009;4. T12001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/4/12/T12001

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