Determination of deuterium depth profiles in fusion-relevant wall materials by nanosecond LIBS

M. Suchoňová; P. Veis; J. Karhunen; P. Paris; M. Pribula; K. Piip; M. Laan; C. Porosnicu; C. Lungu; Antti Hakola

doi:10.1016/j.nme.2017.05.013

Determination of deuterium depth profiles in fusion-relevant wall materials by nanosecond LIBS

M. Suchoňová (Corresponding Author), P. Veis (Corresponding Author), J. Karhunen, P. Paris, M. Pribula, K. Piip, M. Laan, C. Porosnicu, C. Lungu, Antti Hakola

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

20 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The ablation and fuel-retention characteristics of aluminum-tungsten (AlW) and beryllium-tungsten (BeW) samples have been determined using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and compared to results obtained using Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS). The measurements have been made both at vacuum (of the order of 10-4 Pa) and at 50Pa of argon to especially enhance the intensities of the spectral lines of H and D. For reliable evaluation of the ablation rate of the samples the electron density n_e and temperature T_e of the LIBS plasma have been determined with the help of selected of spectral lines of Be, Al, and W. The electron density ne has been obtained from Stark broadening lines of Al I (308.7nm and 394.4nm) and Be II (457.3nm) and T_e from the Saha-Boltzmann plot using W I and W II spectral lines having a higher value of the energy of upper states in order to prevent the influence of self-absorption on the results. The results indicate similar ablation characteristics between AlW (AlWD) and BeW (BeWD) samples but the inclusion of deuterium in the coating increases the ablation rate by a factor of 10 for both sample types. Concerning fuel retention more than one order of magnitude less D is retained in the AlWD sample than in BeWD. In the presence of background argon, the H and D lines were stronger and more easily distinguishable. This is a positive sign considering the real application in ITER where LIBS measurements are foreseen to be done during maintenance breaks. However the higher pressure gave a better signal, it is still far from the measurement conditions planned for ITER which need to be tested separately.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	611-616
Journal	Nuclear Materials and Energy
Volume	12
Issue number	June
Early online date	2017
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nme.2017.05.013
Publication status	Published - 2017
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Keywords

aluminum
beryllium
LIBS

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Cite this

@article{3cc2ad5cb5ec48069e215d20d7c9ffa0,

title = "Determination of deuterium depth profiles in fusion-relevant wall materials by nanosecond LIBS",

abstract = "The ablation and fuel-retention characteristics of aluminum-tungsten (AlW) and beryllium-tungsten (BeW) samples have been determined using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and compared to results obtained using Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS). The measurements have been made both at vacuum (of the order of 10-4 Pa) and at 50Pa of argon to especially enhance the intensities of the spectral lines of H and D. For reliable evaluation of the ablation rate of the samples the electron density ne and temperature Te of the LIBS plasma have been determined with the help of selected of spectral lines of Be, Al, and W. The electron density ne has been obtained from Stark broadening lines of Al I (308.7nm and 394.4nm) and Be II (457.3nm) and Te from the Saha-Boltzmann plot using W I and W II spectral lines having a higher value of the energy of upper states in order to prevent the influence of self-absorption on the results. The results indicate similar ablation characteristics between AlW (AlWD) and BeW (BeWD) samples but the inclusion of deuterium in the coating increases the ablation rate by a factor of 10 for both sample types. Concerning fuel retention more than one order of magnitude less D is retained in the AlWD sample than in BeWD. In the presence of background argon, the H and D lines were stronger and more easily distinguishable. This is a positive sign considering the real application in ITER where LIBS measurements are foreseen to be done during maintenance breaks. However the higher pressure gave a better signal, it is still far from the measurement conditions planned for ITER which need to be tested separately.",

keywords = "aluminum, beryllium, LIBS",

author = "M. Sucho{\v n}ov{\'a} and P. Veis and J. Karhunen and P. Paris and M. Pribula and K. Piip and M. Laan and C. Porosnicu and C. Lungu and Antti Hakola",

note = "Funding Information: The authors thank for financial support from the Scientific Grant Agency of the Slovak Republic (VEGA) under the contract no. 1/0925/14 and also Slovak Research and Development Agency under the contract No DO7RP-0021-12. This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014?2018 under grant agreement No 633053. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission. Work performed under EUROfusion WP PFC. Funding Information: The authors thank for financial support from the Scientific Grant Agency of the Slovak Republic (VEGA) under the contract no. 1/0925/14 and also Slovak Research and Development Agency under the contract No DO7RP-0021-12 . This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014–2018 under grant agreement No 633053. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission. Work performed under EUROfusion WP PFC. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 The Authors Copyright: Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",

year = "2017",

doi = "10.1016/j.nme.2017.05.013",

language = "English",

volume = "12",

pages = "611--616",

journal = "Nuclear Materials and Energy",

issn = "2352-1791",

publisher = "Elsevier",

number = "June",

}

Determination of deuterium depth profiles in fusion-relevant wall materials by nanosecond LIBS. / Suchoňová, M. (Corresponding Author); Veis, P. (Corresponding Author); Karhunen, J.; Paris, P.; Pribula, M.; Piip, K.; Laan, M.; Porosnicu, C.; Lungu, C.; Hakola, Antti.

In: Nuclear Materials and Energy, Vol. 12, No. June, 2017, p. 611-616.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Determination of deuterium depth profiles in fusion-relevant wall materials by nanosecond LIBS

AU - Suchoňová, M.

AU - Veis, P.

AU - Karhunen, J.

AU - Paris, P.

AU - Pribula, M.

AU - Piip, K.

AU - Laan, M.

AU - Porosnicu, C.

AU - Lungu, C.

AU - Hakola, Antti

N1 - Funding Information: The authors thank for financial support from the Scientific Grant Agency of the Slovak Republic (VEGA) under the contract no. 1/0925/14 and also Slovak Research and Development Agency under the contract No DO7RP-0021-12. This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014?2018 under grant agreement No 633053. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission. Work performed under EUROfusion WP PFC. Funding Information: The authors thank for financial support from the Scientific Grant Agency of the Slovak Republic (VEGA) under the contract no. 1/0925/14 and also Slovak Research and Development Agency under the contract No DO7RP-0021-12 . This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014–2018 under grant agreement No 633053. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission. Work performed under EUROfusion WP PFC. Publisher Copyright: © 2017 The Authors Copyright: Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2017

Y1 - 2017

N2 - The ablation and fuel-retention characteristics of aluminum-tungsten (AlW) and beryllium-tungsten (BeW) samples have been determined using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and compared to results obtained using Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS). The measurements have been made both at vacuum (of the order of 10-4 Pa) and at 50Pa of argon to especially enhance the intensities of the spectral lines of H and D. For reliable evaluation of the ablation rate of the samples the electron density ne and temperature Te of the LIBS plasma have been determined with the help of selected of spectral lines of Be, Al, and W. The electron density ne has been obtained from Stark broadening lines of Al I (308.7nm and 394.4nm) and Be II (457.3nm) and Te from the Saha-Boltzmann plot using W I and W II spectral lines having a higher value of the energy of upper states in order to prevent the influence of self-absorption on the results. The results indicate similar ablation characteristics between AlW (AlWD) and BeW (BeWD) samples but the inclusion of deuterium in the coating increases the ablation rate by a factor of 10 for both sample types. Concerning fuel retention more than one order of magnitude less D is retained in the AlWD sample than in BeWD. In the presence of background argon, the H and D lines were stronger and more easily distinguishable. This is a positive sign considering the real application in ITER where LIBS measurements are foreseen to be done during maintenance breaks. However the higher pressure gave a better signal, it is still far from the measurement conditions planned for ITER which need to be tested separately.

AB - The ablation and fuel-retention characteristics of aluminum-tungsten (AlW) and beryllium-tungsten (BeW) samples have been determined using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and compared to results obtained using Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS). The measurements have been made both at vacuum (of the order of 10-4 Pa) and at 50Pa of argon to especially enhance the intensities of the spectral lines of H and D. For reliable evaluation of the ablation rate of the samples the electron density ne and temperature Te of the LIBS plasma have been determined with the help of selected of spectral lines of Be, Al, and W. The electron density ne has been obtained from Stark broadening lines of Al I (308.7nm and 394.4nm) and Be II (457.3nm) and Te from the Saha-Boltzmann plot using W I and W II spectral lines having a higher value of the energy of upper states in order to prevent the influence of self-absorption on the results. The results indicate similar ablation characteristics between AlW (AlWD) and BeW (BeWD) samples but the inclusion of deuterium in the coating increases the ablation rate by a factor of 10 for both sample types. Concerning fuel retention more than one order of magnitude less D is retained in the AlWD sample than in BeWD. In the presence of background argon, the H and D lines were stronger and more easily distinguishable. This is a positive sign considering the real application in ITER where LIBS measurements are foreseen to be done during maintenance breaks. However the higher pressure gave a better signal, it is still far from the measurement conditions planned for ITER which need to be tested separately.

KW - aluminum

KW - beryllium

KW - LIBS

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85020883636&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.nme.2017.05.013

DO - 10.1016/j.nme.2017.05.013

M3 - Article

VL - 12

SP - 611

EP - 616

JO - Nuclear Materials and Energy

JF - Nuclear Materials and Energy

SN - 2352-1791

IS - June

ER -

Determination of deuterium depth profiles in fusion-relevant wall materials by nanosecond LIBS

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