TY - JOUR
T1 - Determination of soluble anions and cations from waters of pulp and paper mills with on-line coupled capillary electrophoresis
AU - Siren, Heli
AU - Kokkonen, Raimo
AU - Hiissa, Tarja
AU - Särme, Timo
AU - Rimpinen, Olli
AU - Laitinen, Risto
PY - 2000
Y1 - 2000
N2 - When the degree of closure of the
paper machine wet end waters increases, wet end problems also become
more difficult to control without specific and selective on-line
measurements. The need to measure the concentrations of individual
compounds in order to explain wet end phenomena is growing. This study
was performed to set up a CE system to a paper machine and to determine
soluble inorganic and organic ions in different locations of pulp and
paper process waters with real time analyses by two on-line CE methods. A
reconstructed commercial CE apparatus was connected to a papermaking
machine via an apparatus, which was a combined sampling and sample
pretreatment instrument, the role of which was to filter and dilute the
samples before on-line determination by CE. The on-line procedures were
optimized for simultaneous determination of anions as chloride, sulfate,
oxalate, formate and acetate and for determination of cations as
potassium, calcium, sodium, magnesium and traces of aluminium. The
quantification was performed with external standard methods using the
programs available in the commercial CE instrument. The concentrations
of the ions were transferred by using a computerized transfer algorithm
exporting the results from the analysis instrument to the process
control unit. The developed on-line procedures were tested three times
in paper and paperboard mills for 1 month at a time. Correlations were
observed between the CE results and changes in the processes.
AB - When the degree of closure of the
paper machine wet end waters increases, wet end problems also become
more difficult to control without specific and selective on-line
measurements. The need to measure the concentrations of individual
compounds in order to explain wet end phenomena is growing. This study
was performed to set up a CE system to a paper machine and to determine
soluble inorganic and organic ions in different locations of pulp and
paper process waters with real time analyses by two on-line CE methods. A
reconstructed commercial CE apparatus was connected to a papermaking
machine via an apparatus, which was a combined sampling and sample
pretreatment instrument, the role of which was to filter and dilute the
samples before on-line determination by CE. The on-line procedures were
optimized for simultaneous determination of anions as chloride, sulfate,
oxalate, formate and acetate and for determination of cations as
potassium, calcium, sodium, magnesium and traces of aluminium. The
quantification was performed with external standard methods using the
programs available in the commercial CE instrument. The concentrations
of the ions were transferred by using a computerized transfer algorithm
exporting the results from the analysis instrument to the process
control unit. The developed on-line procedures were tested three times
in paper and paperboard mills for 1 month at a time. Correlations were
observed between the CE results and changes in the processes.
U2 - 10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00586-0
DO - 10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00586-0
M3 - Article
SN - 0021-9673
VL - 895
SP - 189
EP - 196
JO - Journal of Chromatography A
JF - Journal of Chromatography A
IS - 1-2
ER -