Development and implementation of a holistic framework for nature-based solutions actuation in urban areas

Reconnecting urban water networks with local hydrological systems is essential for the long-term resilience of urban areas and minimisation of environmental degradation. Nature-based solutions (NBS) have emerged as an umbrella concept that combines social benefits with sustainability and conservation strategies. The key strategic, spatial planning, engineering and performance dimensions of NBS encompass previous concepts such as ecosystem-based adaptation, green infrastructure,water-sensitive urban design, and ecosystem services. The Urban Nature Labs (UNalab) project, supported by the EUʼs Horizon 2020 funding scheme, aims to establish a framework for NBS implementation in cities based upon the outcomes of large-scale demonstrations in Tampere (FI), Genova (IT) and Eindhoven (NL). UNaLab and similar projects seek to contribute to the evidence base onNBS by systematising key indicators of NBS performance and impact. UNaLab further seeks to empower municipal decision-makers through the validation of a robust NBS roadmapping framework. The present study explores the existing policy context for effective integration of NBS with supporting technical or “engineered” solutions to reconnect the urban hydrologic cycle and sustainably manage both surface water quality and quantity, including the planning, implementation and evaluation of deployed solutions.