Development of business concepts for Energy Hub systems

This paper presents a method for developing business concepts for smart renewable energy based energy solutions for districts (or e-hub systems). It also presents a collection of new potential business and service concepts for different stakeholders of the e-hub systems. The business concepts are presented in form of a cookbook - a collection of business and service model recipes that describe the key idea, interactions between the main stakeholders, key performance indicators measuring the success of the stakeholders and describing the costs and benefits of the business models. The concepts are developed utilising Osterwalder's business canvas and based on the needs of stakeholders in the energy demand and supply network. They are kept simple and focusing on one stakeholder at a time, thus easing significantly their understanding and enabling their analysis and simulation. These single business concept elements can be combined into broader and more specific business models, service offerings and business networks. Two specific cases are presented as examples.