TY - JOUR
T1 - Disintegration of wheat aleurone structure has an impact on the bioavailability of phenolic compounds and other phytochemicals as evidenced by altered urinary metabolite profile of diet-induced obese mice
AU - Pekkinen, J
AU - Rosa-Sibakov, Natalia
AU - Savolainen, O-I
AU - Keski-Rahkonen, P
AU - Mykkänen, H
AU - Poutanen, Kaisa
AU - Micard, V
AU - Hanhineva, K
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - Background: Phenolic acids are covalently bound to the
arabinoxylan fibre matrix of wheat aleurone layer. In
order to be bioavailable they need to be released by
endogenous or bacterial enzymes and absorbed within the
intestinal lumen. The intestinal microbiota can
metabolize phenolic acids and other food-born
phytochemicals. However, the effect of structure of the
cereal bran or aleurone layer on these processes is not
comprehensively studied. Methods. The structure of
aleurone layer was modified either by dry-grinding or by
enzymatic treatments with xylanase alone or in
combination with feruloyl esterase. Diet induced obese
C57BL6/J mice were fed with high-fat diets containing
either pure ferulic acid, or one of the four
differentially treated aleurone preparations for 8 weeks.
The diets were designed to be isocaloric and to have
similar macronutrient composition. The urinary metabolite
profiles were investigated using non-targeted
LC-qTOF-MS-metabolomics approach. Results: The different
dietary groups were clearly separated in the principal
component analysis. Enzymatic processing of aleurone
caused increased excretion of ferulic acid sulfate and
glycine conjugates reflecting the increase in unbound
form of readily soluble ferulic acid in the diet. The
urinary metabolite profile of the diet groups containing
native and cryo-ground aleurone was more intense with
metabolites derived from microbial processing including
hippuric acid, hydroxyl- and dihydroxyphenylpropionic
acids. Furthermore, aleurone induced specific fingerprint
on the urinary metabolite profile seen as excretion of
benzoxazinoid metabolites, several small dicarboyxlic
acids, and various small nitrogen containing compounds.
Conclusions: The structural modifications on wheat
aleurone fraction resulted in altered metabolism of
aleurone derived phenolic acids and other phytochemicals
excreted in urine of diet-induced obese mice
AB - Background: Phenolic acids are covalently bound to the
arabinoxylan fibre matrix of wheat aleurone layer. In
order to be bioavailable they need to be released by
endogenous or bacterial enzymes and absorbed within the
intestinal lumen. The intestinal microbiota can
metabolize phenolic acids and other food-born
phytochemicals. However, the effect of structure of the
cereal bran or aleurone layer on these processes is not
comprehensively studied. Methods. The structure of
aleurone layer was modified either by dry-grinding or by
enzymatic treatments with xylanase alone or in
combination with feruloyl esterase. Diet induced obese
C57BL6/J mice were fed with high-fat diets containing
either pure ferulic acid, or one of the four
differentially treated aleurone preparations for 8 weeks.
The diets were designed to be isocaloric and to have
similar macronutrient composition. The urinary metabolite
profiles were investigated using non-targeted
LC-qTOF-MS-metabolomics approach. Results: The different
dietary groups were clearly separated in the principal
component analysis. Enzymatic processing of aleurone
caused increased excretion of ferulic acid sulfate and
glycine conjugates reflecting the increase in unbound
form of readily soluble ferulic acid in the diet. The
urinary metabolite profile of the diet groups containing
native and cryo-ground aleurone was more intense with
metabolites derived from microbial processing including
hippuric acid, hydroxyl- and dihydroxyphenylpropionic
acids. Furthermore, aleurone induced specific fingerprint
on the urinary metabolite profile seen as excretion of
benzoxazinoid metabolites, several small dicarboyxlic
acids, and various small nitrogen containing compounds.
Conclusions: The structural modifications on wheat
aleurone fraction resulted in altered metabolism of
aleurone derived phenolic acids and other phytochemicals
excreted in urine of diet-induced obese mice
KW - Arabinoxylan
KW - ferulic acid
KW - LC-MS
KW - metabolite profiling
KW - micobial metabolism
KW - non-targeted metabolomics
U2 - 10.1186/1743-7075-11-1
DO - 10.1186/1743-7075-11-1
M3 - Article
VL - 11
JO - Nutrition and Metabolism
JF - Nutrition and Metabolism
SN - 1743-7075
M1 - 1
ER -