Effect of Hot Cracks on EAC Crack initiation and Growth in Nickel-Base Alloy Weld Metals

Hannu Hänninen; Aki Toivonen; Aki Brederholm; Tapio Saukkonen; Wade Karlsen; Ulla Ehrnstén; Pertti Aaltonen

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-48760-1_13

Effect of Hot Cracks on EAC Crack initiation and Growth in Nickel-Base Alloy Weld Metals

Hannu Hänninen, Aki Toivonen, Aki Brederholm, Tapio Saukkonen, Wade Karlsen, Ulla Ehrnstén, Pertti Aaltonen

Aalto University

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

3 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The differences in the EAC susceptibility between different weld geometries and weld metals have been distinguished by the doped steam test method. Pure weld metals of Alloy 182 and 82 are clearly more susceptible to EAC than the pure weld metals of Alloy 152 and 52, which did not show any crack initiation. The dissimilar metal welds (DMW) with diluted microstructures are less susceptible than the pure weld metals of Alloy 182 and 82. No crack initiation/extension from hot cracks was observed in any of the studied weld metals. At the hot crack tips no crack growth was observed in any of the studied samples. This is related to the segregated microstructure of the hot crack tips. In accelerated doped steam tests selective dissolution takes place and metallic Ni or NiO forms a continuous layer in the middle of the cracks surrounded by the Cr-rich oxide layer. Selective dissolution typical for EAC was not observed inside the hot cracks or at their crack tips. EAC initiation occurred in the Alloy 600 base metal of the DMWs and selective dissolution inside the EAC cracks in Alloy 600 was extensive. The results are discussed based on the selective dissolution creep model of EAC.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Proceedings of the 15th international Conference on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear power Systems - Water reactors
Editors	Gabriell Ilevbare, Jeremy Busby, Peter Andersen
Publisher	Springer
Pages	197-224
Number of pages	26
ISBN (Electronic)	978-3-319-48760-1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48760-1_13
Publication status	Published - 2011
MoE publication type	A4 Article in a conference publication
Event	15th international Conference on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear power Systems - Water reactors - Colorado Springs, CO, United States Duration: 7 Aug 2011 → 11 Aug 2011

Conference

Conference	15th international Conference on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear power Systems - Water reactors
Country/Territory	United States
City	Colorado Springs, CO
Period	7/08/11 → 11/08/11

Keywords

nickel-base alloys
weld metal
hot cracking
environment-assisted cracking
electron microscopy
Laves phase

Access to Document

10.1007/978-3-319-48760-1_13

Cite this

Hänninen, H., Toivonen, A., Brederholm, A., Saukkonen, T., Karlsen, W., Ehrnstén, U., & Aaltonen, P. (2011). Effect of Hot Cracks on EAC Crack initiation and Growth in Nickel-Base Alloy Weld Metals. In G. Ilevbare, J. Busby, & P. Andersen (Eds.), Proceedings of the 15th international Conference on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear power Systems - Water reactors (pp. 197-224). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48760-1_13

Hänninen, Hannu ; Toivonen, Aki ; Brederholm, Aki et al. / Effect of Hot Cracks on EAC Crack initiation and Growth in Nickel-Base Alloy Weld Metals. Proceedings of the 15th international Conference on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear power Systems - Water reactors. editor / Gabriell Ilevbare ; Jeremy Busby ; Peter Andersen. Springer, 2011. pp. 197-224

@inproceedings{4c38cea44a4d4bc9a8a1a516814d5928,

title = "Effect of Hot Cracks on EAC Crack initiation and Growth in Nickel-Base Alloy Weld Metals",

abstract = "The differences in the EAC susceptibility between different weld geometries and weld metals have been distinguished by the doped steam test method. Pure weld metals of Alloy 182 and 82 are clearly more susceptible to EAC than the pure weld metals of Alloy 152 and 52, which did not show any crack initiation. The dissimilar metal welds (DMW) with diluted microstructures are less susceptible than the pure weld metals of Alloy 182 and 82. No crack initiation/extension from hot cracks was observed in any of the studied weld metals. At the hot crack tips no crack growth was observed in any of the studied samples. This is related to the segregated microstructure of the hot crack tips. In accelerated doped steam tests selective dissolution takes place and metallic Ni or NiO forms a continuous layer in the middle of the cracks surrounded by the Cr-rich oxide layer. Selective dissolution typical for EAC was not observed inside the hot cracks or at their crack tips. EAC initiation occurred in the Alloy 600 base metal of the DMWs and selective dissolution inside the EAC cracks in Alloy 600 was extensive. The results are discussed based on the selective dissolution creep model of EAC.",

keywords = "nickel-base alloys, weld metal, hot cracking, environment-assisted cracking, electron microscopy, Laves phase",

author = "Hannu H{\"a}nninen and Aki Toivonen and Aki Brederholm and Tapio Saukkonen and Wade Karlsen and Ulla Ehrnst{\'e}n and Pertti Aaltonen",

note = "Project code: 71232 ; 15th international Conference on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear power Systems - Water reactors ; Conference date: 07-08-2011 Through 11-08-2011",

year = "2011",

doi = "10.1007/978-3-319-48760-1_13",

language = "English",

pages = "197--224",

editor = "Gabriell Ilevbare and Jeremy Busby and Peter Andersen",

booktitle = "Proceedings of the 15th international Conference on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear power Systems - Water reactors",

publisher = "Springer",

address = "Germany",

}

Hänninen, H, Toivonen, A, Brederholm, A, Saukkonen, T, Karlsen, W, Ehrnstén, U & Aaltonen, P 2011, Effect of Hot Cracks on EAC Crack initiation and Growth in Nickel-Base Alloy Weld Metals. in G Ilevbare, J Busby & P Andersen (eds), Proceedings of the 15th international Conference on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear power Systems - Water reactors. Springer, pp. 197-224, 15th international Conference on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear power Systems - Water reactors, Colorado Springs, CO, United States, 7/08/11. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48760-1_13

Effect of Hot Cracks on EAC Crack initiation and Growth in Nickel-Base Alloy Weld Metals. / Hänninen, Hannu; Toivonen, Aki; Brederholm, Aki et al.
Proceedings of the 15th international Conference on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear power Systems - Water reactors. ed. / Gabriell Ilevbare; Jeremy Busby; Peter Andersen. Springer, 2011. p. 197-224.

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - Effect of Hot Cracks on EAC Crack initiation and Growth in Nickel-Base Alloy Weld Metals

AU - Hänninen, Hannu

AU - Toivonen, Aki

AU - Brederholm, Aki

AU - Saukkonen, Tapio

AU - Karlsen, Wade

AU - Ehrnstén, Ulla

AU - Aaltonen, Pertti

N1 - Project code: 71232

PY - 2011

Y1 - 2011

N2 - The differences in the EAC susceptibility between different weld geometries and weld metals have been distinguished by the doped steam test method. Pure weld metals of Alloy 182 and 82 are clearly more susceptible to EAC than the pure weld metals of Alloy 152 and 52, which did not show any crack initiation. The dissimilar metal welds (DMW) with diluted microstructures are less susceptible than the pure weld metals of Alloy 182 and 82. No crack initiation/extension from hot cracks was observed in any of the studied weld metals. At the hot crack tips no crack growth was observed in any of the studied samples. This is related to the segregated microstructure of the hot crack tips. In accelerated doped steam tests selective dissolution takes place and metallic Ni or NiO forms a continuous layer in the middle of the cracks surrounded by the Cr-rich oxide layer. Selective dissolution typical for EAC was not observed inside the hot cracks or at their crack tips. EAC initiation occurred in the Alloy 600 base metal of the DMWs and selective dissolution inside the EAC cracks in Alloy 600 was extensive. The results are discussed based on the selective dissolution creep model of EAC.

AB - The differences in the EAC susceptibility between different weld geometries and weld metals have been distinguished by the doped steam test method. Pure weld metals of Alloy 182 and 82 are clearly more susceptible to EAC than the pure weld metals of Alloy 152 and 52, which did not show any crack initiation. The dissimilar metal welds (DMW) with diluted microstructures are less susceptible than the pure weld metals of Alloy 182 and 82. No crack initiation/extension from hot cracks was observed in any of the studied weld metals. At the hot crack tips no crack growth was observed in any of the studied samples. This is related to the segregated microstructure of the hot crack tips. In accelerated doped steam tests selective dissolution takes place and metallic Ni or NiO forms a continuous layer in the middle of the cracks surrounded by the Cr-rich oxide layer. Selective dissolution typical for EAC was not observed inside the hot cracks or at their crack tips. EAC initiation occurred in the Alloy 600 base metal of the DMWs and selective dissolution inside the EAC cracks in Alloy 600 was extensive. The results are discussed based on the selective dissolution creep model of EAC.

KW - nickel-base alloys

KW - weld metal

KW - hot cracking

KW - environment-assisted cracking

KW - electron microscopy

KW - Laves phase

U2 - 10.1007/978-3-319-48760-1_13

DO - 10.1007/978-3-319-48760-1_13

M3 - Conference article in proceedings

SP - 197

EP - 224

BT - Proceedings of the 15th international Conference on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear power Systems - Water reactors

A2 - Ilevbare, Gabriell

A2 - Busby, Jeremy

A2 - Andersen, Peter

PB - Springer

T2 - 15th international Conference on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear power Systems - Water reactors

Y2 - 7 August 2011 through 11 August 2011

ER -

Hänninen H, Toivonen A, Brederholm A, Saukkonen T, Karlsen W, Ehrnstén U et al. Effect of Hot Cracks on EAC Crack initiation and Growth in Nickel-Base Alloy Weld Metals. In Ilevbare G, Busby J, Andersen P, editors, Proceedings of the 15th international Conference on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear power Systems - Water reactors. Springer. 2011. p. 197-224 doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-48760-1_13

Effect of Hot Cracks on EAC Crack initiation and Growth in Nickel-Base Alloy Weld Metals

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