Effect of leaching on the composition of hydration phases during chloride exposure of mortar

Alisa Machner; Marie H. Bjørndal; Harald Justnes; Lucija Hanžič; Aljoša Šajna; Yushan Gu; Benoît Bary; Mohsen Ben Haha; Mette R. Geiker; Klaartje De Weerdt

doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2021.106691

Effect of leaching on the composition of hydration phases during chloride exposure of mortar

Alisa Machner (Corresponding Author), Marie H. Bjørndal, Harald Justnes, Lucija Hanžič, Aljoša Šajna, Yushan Gu, Benoît Bary, Mohsen Ben Haha, Mette R. Geiker, Klaartje De Weerdt

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8 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Mortar specimens were exposed to either a 3% NaCl solution or a 3% NaCl+KOH solution for up to 180 days. Exposure to the NaCl solution provoked much more leaching than the NaCl+KOH exposure. Leaching strongly impacted the chloride ingress profiles. The extended leaching led to a maximum total chloride content almost three times higher and a deeper chloride penetration than exposure with limited leaching after 180 days. The higher maximum chloride content seems to be linked to the enhanced binding capacity of the C-S-H and AFm phases upon moderate leaching as determined by SEM-EDS. The total chloride profile appears to be governed by multi-ion transport and the interaction of chloride with the hydration phases. Service life prediction and performance testing both rely on total chloride profiles and therefore ought to take these interactions into account.

Original language	English
Article number	106691
Journal	Cement and Concrete Research
Volume	153
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2021.106691
Publication status	Published - Mar 2022
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Keywords

Chloride binding
Friedel's salt
GEMS
Kuzel's salt
pH
Thermodynamic modelling

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10.1016/j.cemconres.2021.106691

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title = "Effect of leaching on the composition of hydration phases during chloride exposure of mortar",

abstract = "Mortar specimens were exposed to either a 3% NaCl solution or a 3% NaCl+KOH solution for up to 180 days. Exposure to the NaCl solution provoked much more leaching than the NaCl+KOH exposure. Leaching strongly impacted the chloride ingress profiles. The extended leaching led to a maximum total chloride content almost three times higher and a deeper chloride penetration than exposure with limited leaching after 180 days. The higher maximum chloride content seems to be linked to the enhanced binding capacity of the C-S-H and AFm phases upon moderate leaching as determined by SEM-EDS. The total chloride profile appears to be governed by multi-ion transport and the interaction of chloride with the hydration phases. Service life prediction and performance testing both rely on total chloride profiles and therefore ought to take these interactions into account.",

keywords = "Chloride binding, Friedel's salt, GEMS, Kuzel's salt, pH, Thermodynamic modelling",

author = "Alisa Machner and Bj{\o}rndal, {Marie H.} and Harald Justnes and Lucija Han{\v z}i{\v c} and Aljo{\v s}a {\v S}ajna and Yushan Gu and Beno{\^i}t Bary and {Ben Haha}, Mohsen and Geiker, {Mette R.} and {De Weerdt}, Klaartje",

note = "Funding Information: This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 760639 and this publication reflects only the authors' view and the Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. ",

year = "2022",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1016/j.cemconres.2021.106691",

language = "English",

volume = "153",

journal = "Cement and Concrete Research",

issn = "0008-8846",

publisher = "Elsevier",

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T1 - Effect of leaching on the composition of hydration phases during chloride exposure of mortar

AU - Machner, Alisa

AU - Bjørndal, Marie H.

AU - Justnes, Harald

AU - Hanžič, Lucija

AU - Šajna, Aljoša

AU - Gu, Yushan

AU - Bary, Benoît

AU - Ben Haha, Mohsen

AU - Geiker, Mette R.

AU - De Weerdt, Klaartje

N1 - Funding Information: This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 760639 and this publication reflects only the authors' view and the Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.

PY - 2022/3

Y1 - 2022/3

N2 - Mortar specimens were exposed to either a 3% NaCl solution or a 3% NaCl+KOH solution for up to 180 days. Exposure to the NaCl solution provoked much more leaching than the NaCl+KOH exposure. Leaching strongly impacted the chloride ingress profiles. The extended leaching led to a maximum total chloride content almost three times higher and a deeper chloride penetration than exposure with limited leaching after 180 days. The higher maximum chloride content seems to be linked to the enhanced binding capacity of the C-S-H and AFm phases upon moderate leaching as determined by SEM-EDS. The total chloride profile appears to be governed by multi-ion transport and the interaction of chloride with the hydration phases. Service life prediction and performance testing both rely on total chloride profiles and therefore ought to take these interactions into account.

AB - Mortar specimens were exposed to either a 3% NaCl solution or a 3% NaCl+KOH solution for up to 180 days. Exposure to the NaCl solution provoked much more leaching than the NaCl+KOH exposure. Leaching strongly impacted the chloride ingress profiles. The extended leaching led to a maximum total chloride content almost three times higher and a deeper chloride penetration than exposure with limited leaching after 180 days. The higher maximum chloride content seems to be linked to the enhanced binding capacity of the C-S-H and AFm phases upon moderate leaching as determined by SEM-EDS. The total chloride profile appears to be governed by multi-ion transport and the interaction of chloride with the hydration phases. Service life prediction and performance testing both rely on total chloride profiles and therefore ought to take these interactions into account.

KW - Chloride binding

KW - Friedel's salt

KW - GEMS

KW - Kuzel's salt

KW - pH

KW - Thermodynamic modelling

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U2 - 10.1016/j.cemconres.2021.106691

DO - 10.1016/j.cemconres.2021.106691

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85122644810

SN - 0008-8846

VL - 153

JO - Cement and Concrete Research

JF - Cement and Concrete Research

M1 - 106691

ER -

Effect of leaching on the composition of hydration phases during chloride exposure of mortar

Abstract

Keywords

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