TY - JOUR
T1 - Electrically Conductive Thin Films Based on Nanofibrillated Cellulose
T2 - Interactions with Water and Applications in Humidity Sensing
AU - Solin, Katariina
AU - Borghei, Maryam
AU - Sel, Ozlem
AU - Orelma, Hannes
AU - Johansson, Leena Sisko
AU - Perrot, Hubert
AU - Rojas, Orlando J.
N1 - Funding Information:
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 760876. This work was a part of the Academy of Finland’s Flagship Programme under projects nos. 318890 and 318891 (Competence Center for Materials Bioeconomy, FinnCERES). The LISE laboratory UMR8235 of Sorbonne University, Paris, France, is acknowledged for access to QCM-I instrumentation. K.S. acknowledges funding by the Aalto University School of Chemical Engineering doctoral programme. The authors acknowledge the provision of facilities and technical support by Aalto University at OtaNano—Nanomicroscopy Center (Aalto-NMC). Finally, O.J.R. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (ERC Advanced Grant Agreement No. 788489, “BioElCell”), the Canada Excellence Research Chair initiative, and the Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 American Chemical Society.
PY - 2020/8/12
Y1 - 2020/8/12
N2 - TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TOCNF) and oxidized carbon nanotubes (CNT) were used as humidity-responsive films and evaluated using electroacoustic admittance (quartz crystal microbalance with impedance monitoring, QCM-I) and electrical resistivity. Water uptake and swelling phenomena were investigated in a range of relative humidity (% RH) between 30 and 60% and temperatures between 25 and 50 °C. The presence of CNT endowed fibril networks with high water accessibility, enabling fast and sensitive response to changes in humidity, with mass gains of up to 20%. The TOCNF-based sensors became viscoelastic upon water uptake, as quantified by the Martin-Granstaff model. Sensing elements were supported on glass and paper substrates and confirmed a wide window of operation in terms of cyclic % RH, bending, adhesion, and durability. The electrical resistance of the supported films increased by ∼15% with changes in % RH from 20 to 60%. The proposed system offers a great potential to monitor changes in smart packaging.
AB - TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TOCNF) and oxidized carbon nanotubes (CNT) were used as humidity-responsive films and evaluated using electroacoustic admittance (quartz crystal microbalance with impedance monitoring, QCM-I) and electrical resistivity. Water uptake and swelling phenomena were investigated in a range of relative humidity (% RH) between 30 and 60% and temperatures between 25 and 50 °C. The presence of CNT endowed fibril networks with high water accessibility, enabling fast and sensitive response to changes in humidity, with mass gains of up to 20%. The TOCNF-based sensors became viscoelastic upon water uptake, as quantified by the Martin-Granstaff model. Sensing elements were supported on glass and paper substrates and confirmed a wide window of operation in terms of cyclic % RH, bending, adhesion, and durability. The electrical resistance of the supported films increased by ∼15% with changes in % RH from 20 to 60%. The proposed system offers a great potential to monitor changes in smart packaging.
KW - carbon nanotubes
KW - conductive ink
KW - humidity sensing
KW - nanocellulose
KW - quartz crystal microbalance with impedance measurement (QCM-I)
KW - viscoelastic properties
KW - water interactions
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85089711694&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/acsami.0c09997
DO - 10.1021/acsami.0c09997
M3 - Article
C2 - 32672936
AN - SCOPUS:85089711694
SN - 1944-8244
VL - 12
SP - 36437
EP - 36448
JO - ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
JF - ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
IS - 32
ER -