Energy and Emission Implications of Electric Vehicles Integration with Nearly and Net Zero Energy Buildings

Hassam Rehman; Jan Diriken; Ala Hasan; Stijn Verbeke; Francesco Reda

doi:10.3390/en14216990

Energy and Emission Implications of Electric Vehicles Integration with Nearly and Net Zero Energy Buildings

Hassam Rehman^*
, Jan Diriken
, Ala Hasan
, Stijn Verbeke
, Francesco Reda

^*Corresponding author for this work

Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO)
EnergyVille
University of Antwerp

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

14 Citations (Scopus)

100 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Buildings and the mobility sectors are the two sectors that currently utilize large amount of fossil-based energy. The aim of the paper is to, critically analyse the integration of electric vehicles (EV) energy load with the building’s energy load. The qualitative and quantitative methods are used to analyse the nearly/net zero energy buildings and the mobility plans of the Europe along with the challenges of the plans. It is proposed to either include or exclude the EV load within the building’s energy load and follow the emissions calculation path, rather than energy calculation path for buildings to identify the benefits. Two real case studies in a central European climate are used to analysis the energy performance of the building with and without EV load integration and the emissions produced due to their interaction. It is shown that by replacing fossil-fuel cars with EVs within the building boundary, overall emissions can be reduced by 11–35% depending on the case study. However, the energy demand increased by 27–95% when the EV load was added with the building load. Hence, the goal to reach the nearly/net zero energy building target becomes more challenging. Therefore, the emission path can present the benefits of EV and building load integration.

Original language	English
Article number	6990
Journal	Energies
Volume	14
Issue number	21
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/en14216990
Publication status	Published - 25 Oct 2021
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Funding

“European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme H2020-LCE-2014-2015 under the project name STORY, grant number 646426”, “European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme H2020-LC-EEB-03-2019, and New developments in plus energy houses (IA), under the project name ‘EXCESS’, grant number 870157” and The APC was funded by VTT Technical Research Center of Finland.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy
SDG 12 Responsible Consumption and Production
SDG 13 Climate Action

Keywords

building energy performance
building policy
e-mobility regulation
emission reduction path
photovoltaic
renewable energy

Access to Document

10.3390/en14216990Licence: CC BY

en14216990Final published version, 4.31 MBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

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title = "Energy and Emission Implications of Electric Vehicles Integration with Nearly and Net Zero Energy Buildings",

abstract = "Buildings and the mobility sectors are the two sectors that currently utilize large amount of fossil-based energy. The aim of the paper is to, critically analyse the integration of electric vehicles (EV) energy load with the building{\textquoteright}s energy load. The qualitative and quantitative methods are used to analyse the nearly/net zero energy buildings and the mobility plans of the Europe along with the challenges of the plans. It is proposed to either include or exclude the EV load within the building{\textquoteright}s energy load and follow the emissions calculation path, rather than energy calculation path for buildings to identify the benefits. Two real case studies in a central European climate are used to analysis the energy performance of the building with and without EV load integration and the emissions produced due to their interaction. It is shown that by replacing fossil-fuel cars with EVs within the building boundary, overall emissions can be reduced by 11–35\% depending on the case study. However, the energy demand increased by 27–95\% when the EV load was added with the building load. Hence, the goal to reach the nearly/net zero energy building target becomes more challenging. Therefore, the emission path can present the benefits of EV and building load integration.",

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AU - Rehman, Hassam

AU - Diriken, Jan

AU - Hasan, Ala

AU - Verbeke, Stijn

AU - Reda, Francesco

PY - 2021/10/25

Y1 - 2021/10/25

N2 - Buildings and the mobility sectors are the two sectors that currently utilize large amount of fossil-based energy. The aim of the paper is to, critically analyse the integration of electric vehicles (EV) energy load with the building’s energy load. The qualitative and quantitative methods are used to analyse the nearly/net zero energy buildings and the mobility plans of the Europe along with the challenges of the plans. It is proposed to either include or exclude the EV load within the building’s energy load and follow the emissions calculation path, rather than energy calculation path for buildings to identify the benefits. Two real case studies in a central European climate are used to analysis the energy performance of the building with and without EV load integration and the emissions produced due to their interaction. It is shown that by replacing fossil-fuel cars with EVs within the building boundary, overall emissions can be reduced by 11–35% depending on the case study. However, the energy demand increased by 27–95% when the EV load was added with the building load. Hence, the goal to reach the nearly/net zero energy building target becomes more challenging. Therefore, the emission path can present the benefits of EV and building load integration.

AB - Buildings and the mobility sectors are the two sectors that currently utilize large amount of fossil-based energy. The aim of the paper is to, critically analyse the integration of electric vehicles (EV) energy load with the building’s energy load. The qualitative and quantitative methods are used to analyse the nearly/net zero energy buildings and the mobility plans of the Europe along with the challenges of the plans. It is proposed to either include or exclude the EV load within the building’s energy load and follow the emissions calculation path, rather than energy calculation path for buildings to identify the benefits. Two real case studies in a central European climate are used to analysis the energy performance of the building with and without EV load integration and the emissions produced due to their interaction. It is shown that by replacing fossil-fuel cars with EVs within the building boundary, overall emissions can be reduced by 11–35% depending on the case study. However, the energy demand increased by 27–95% when the EV load was added with the building load. Hence, the goal to reach the nearly/net zero energy building target becomes more challenging. Therefore, the emission path can present the benefits of EV and building load integration.

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KW - emission reduction path

KW - photovoltaic

KW - renewable energy

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ER -

Energy and Emission Implications of Electric Vehicles Integration with Nearly and Net Zero Energy Buildings

Abstract

Funding

UN SDGs

Keywords

Access to Document

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