Abstract
Galactaric (mucic) acid is a symmetrical six carbon
diacid which can be produced by oxidation of galactose
with nitric acid, electrolytic oxidation of
d-galacturonate or microbial conversion of
d-galacturonate. Both salts and the free acid of
galactarate have relatively low solubility, which may
create challenges for a microbial host. Galactaric acid
was most soluble at pH values around 4.7 in the presence
of ammonium or sodium ions and less soluble in the
presence of potassium ions. Solubility increased with
increasing temperature. Production of galactaric acid by
Trichoderma reesei D-161646 was dependent on temperature,
pH and medium composition, being best at pH 4 and 35 °C.
Up to 20 g L-1 galactaric acid were produced from
d-galacturonate using a fed-batch strategy with lactose
as co-substrate and both ammonium and yeast extract as
nitrogen sources. Crystals of galactaric acid were
observed to form in the broth of some fermentations.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 4033-4040 |
| Journal | Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology |
| Volume | 101 |
| Issue number | 10 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 1 May 2017 |
| MoE publication type | A1 Journal article-refereed |
Keywords
- d-galacturonate
- galactaric acid
- mucic acid
- solubility
- Trichoderma reesei