@inbook{4e80a39fcfe2418d84001baf6a4ccc56,
title = "Experiments on the behaviour of ruthenium in airingress accidents",
abstract = "In this project the release, transport and speciation of ruthenium in conditions simulating an air ingress accident was studied. Ruthenium dioxide was exposed to oxidising environment at high temperature (1100-1700 K) in a tubular flow furnace. At these conditions volatile ruthenium species were formed. Majority of the released ruthenium was deposited in the tube as RuO2. Depending on the experimental conditions ~1-26 wt-% of the released ruthenium was trapped in the outlet filter as RuO2 particles. In stainless steel tube ~0-8.8 wt-% of the released ruthenium reached the trapping bottle as gaseous RuO4. A few experiments were carried out, in which revaporisation of ruthenium deposited on the tube walls was studied. In these experiments oxidation of RuO2 took place at a lower temperature. During revaporisation experiments 35-65% of ruthenium transported as gaseous RuO4. In order to close mass balance and achieve better time resolution four experiments were carried out using a radioactive tracer.",
author = "Teemu K{\"a}rkel{\"a} and Ulrika Backman and Ari Auvinen and Riitta Zilliacus and Maija Lipponen and Tommi Kekki and Unto Tapper and Jorma Jokiniemi",
year = "2006",
language = "English",
isbn = "951-38-6886-9",
series = "VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes",
publisher = "VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland",
number = "2363",
pages = "253--262",
booktitle = "SAFIR: The Finnish Research Programme on Nuclear Power Plant Safety 2003-2006",
address = "Finland",
}