Abstract
EU has ambitious targets for reaching climate neutrality. In practice to achieve the targets, electrification of transport sectors is needed and currently most viable option to realize this are EVs with Ni containing lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). This paper studies the demand for Ni as well as the amount of Ni in waste originating from EV batteries lifecycle and the effect of R-strategies (recycling and life extension strategies, i.e., remanufacturing and repurposing) on Ni material flows in Finland. For the purpose system dynamic model is used. The model is based on the prediction of yearly Finnish EV fleet with a forecast to 2060. This study proved that dynamic and complex Ni material flow system can be studied with system dynamic model and that the results can be used to determine the design of efficient circular economy policies.
| Original language | English |
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| Publication status | Published - 9 May 2023 |
| MoE publication type | Not Eligible |
| Event | Going Green - CARE INNOVATION 2023 - Vienna, Austria Duration: 9 May 2023 → 11 May 2023 https://www.careinnovation.eu/ |
Conference
| Conference | Going Green - CARE INNOVATION 2023 |
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| Country/Territory | Austria |
| City | Vienna |
| Period | 9/05/23 → 11/05/23 |
| Internet address |
