First Mirrors Test in JET for ITER: An overview of optical performance and surface morphology

M. Rubel; J.P. Coad; G. De Temmerman; Antti Hakola; D. Hole; Jari Likonen; I. Uytdenhouwen; A. Widdowson

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2010.01.069

First Mirrors Test in JET for ITER: An overview of optical performance and surface morphology

M. Rubel^*
, J.P. Coad
, G. De Temmerman
, Antti Hakola
, D. Hole
, Jari Likonen
, I. Uytdenhouwen
, A. Widdowson

^*Corresponding author for this work

KTH Royal Institute of Technology
Culham Science Centre
Dutch Research Council
University of Sussex
Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

16 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Metallic mirrors will be essential components of all optical systems for plasma diagnosis in ITER. A comprehensive First Mirror Test (FMT) has been carried out in the JET tokamak. The exposure was followed by a characterisation of mirrors and their carriers. The main results obtained by optical and surface analysis methods are: (i) reflectivity of all tested mirrors is degraded either by erosion with charge exchange neutrals or by the formation of thick deposits; (ii) deuterium and carbon are the main elements detected on all mirror surfaces and the presence of beryllium is also found in several cases; (iii) thick deposits show columnar structure; (iv) bubble-like structures are detected in deposits; their formation is a probable reason for deposits' disintegration and peeling-off; (v) the deposition in channels in the divertor cassettes is pronounced at the very entrance and then it sharply decreases with the distance from the plasma, ?5-7 mm.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	818-822
Journal	Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
Volume	623
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2010.01.069
Publication status	Published - 2010
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

Keywords

Diagnostic mirrors
Erosion and deposition
ITER
JET
Reflectivity
Surface analysis

Access to Document

10.1016/j.nima.2010.01.069

Cite this

Rubel, M., Coad, J. P., De Temmerman, G., Hakola, A., Hole, D., Likonen, J., Uytdenhouwen, I., & Widdowson, A. (2010). First Mirrors Test in JET for ITER: An overview of optical performance and surface morphology. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 623(2), 818-822. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2010.01.069

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title = "First Mirrors Test in JET for ITER: An overview of optical performance and surface morphology",

abstract = "Metallic mirrors will be essential components of all optical systems for plasma diagnosis in ITER. A comprehensive First Mirror Test (FMT) has been carried out in the JET tokamak. The exposure was followed by a characterisation of mirrors and their carriers. The main results obtained by optical and surface analysis methods are: (i) reflectivity of all tested mirrors is degraded either by erosion with charge exchange neutrals or by the formation of thick deposits; (ii) deuterium and carbon are the main elements detected on all mirror surfaces and the presence of beryllium is also found in several cases; (iii) thick deposits show columnar structure; (iv) bubble-like structures are detected in deposits; their formation is a probable reason for deposits' disintegration and peeling-off; (v) the deposition in channels in the divertor cassettes is pronounced at the very entrance and then it sharply decreases with the distance from the plasma, ?5-7 mm.",

keywords = "Diagnostic mirrors, Erosion and deposition, ITER, JET, Reflectivity, Surface analysis",

author = "M. Rubel and J.P. Coad and \{De Temmerman\}, G. and Antti Hakola and D. Hole and Jari Likonen and I. Uytdenhouwen and A. Widdowson",

year = "2010",

doi = "10.1016/j.nima.2010.01.069",

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volume = "623",

pages = "818--822",

journal = "Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment",

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Rubel, M, Coad, JP, De Temmerman, G, Hakola, A, Hole, D, Likonen, J, Uytdenhouwen, I & Widdowson, A 2010, 'First Mirrors Test in JET for ITER: An overview of optical performance and surface morphology', Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, vol. 623, no. 2, pp. 818-822. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2010.01.069

First Mirrors Test in JET for ITER: An overview of optical performance and surface morphology. / Rubel, M.; Coad, J.P.; De Temmerman, G. et al.
In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 623, No. 2, 2010, p. 818-822.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - First Mirrors Test in JET for ITER

T2 - An overview of optical performance and surface morphology

AU - Rubel, M.

AU - Coad, J.P.

AU - De Temmerman, G.

AU - Hakola, Antti

AU - Hole, D.

AU - Likonen, Jari

AU - Uytdenhouwen, I.

AU - Widdowson, A.

PY - 2010

Y1 - 2010

N2 - Metallic mirrors will be essential components of all optical systems for plasma diagnosis in ITER. A comprehensive First Mirror Test (FMT) has been carried out in the JET tokamak. The exposure was followed by a characterisation of mirrors and their carriers. The main results obtained by optical and surface analysis methods are: (i) reflectivity of all tested mirrors is degraded either by erosion with charge exchange neutrals or by the formation of thick deposits; (ii) deuterium and carbon are the main elements detected on all mirror surfaces and the presence of beryllium is also found in several cases; (iii) thick deposits show columnar structure; (iv) bubble-like structures are detected in deposits; their formation is a probable reason for deposits' disintegration and peeling-off; (v) the deposition in channels in the divertor cassettes is pronounced at the very entrance and then it sharply decreases with the distance from the plasma, ?5-7 mm.

AB - Metallic mirrors will be essential components of all optical systems for plasma diagnosis in ITER. A comprehensive First Mirror Test (FMT) has been carried out in the JET tokamak. The exposure was followed by a characterisation of mirrors and their carriers. The main results obtained by optical and surface analysis methods are: (i) reflectivity of all tested mirrors is degraded either by erosion with charge exchange neutrals or by the formation of thick deposits; (ii) deuterium and carbon are the main elements detected on all mirror surfaces and the presence of beryllium is also found in several cases; (iii) thick deposits show columnar structure; (iv) bubble-like structures are detected in deposits; their formation is a probable reason for deposits' disintegration and peeling-off; (v) the deposition in channels in the divertor cassettes is pronounced at the very entrance and then it sharply decreases with the distance from the plasma, ?5-7 mm.

KW - Diagnostic mirrors

KW - Erosion and deposition

KW - ITER

KW - JET

KW - Reflectivity

KW - Surface analysis

U2 - 10.1016/j.nima.2010.01.069

DO - 10.1016/j.nima.2010.01.069

M3 - Article

SN - 0168-9002

VL - 623

SP - 818

EP - 822

JO - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

JF - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

IS - 2

ER -

First Mirrors Test in JET for ITER: An overview of optical performance and surface morphology

Abstract

UN SDGs

Keywords

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