Framework of siting criteria and initial assessment for siting the Novatron 3 facility in Nordic region

Over the past five years, international competition in fusion energy has intensified, with numerous fusion technologies emerging worldwide. Among the most promising is a concept developed by the Novatron Fusion Group (NFG), recognized as a pioneer in Nordic fusion energy. NFG aims to demonstrate its distinctive fusion technology through the construction of an industrial-scale pilot plant, N3, in one of the Nordic countries—Sweden, Finland, Denmark, or Norway.
The selection of a site for N3 depends not only on technical criteria but also heavily on the status of national approach on fusion strategy, regulatory environment, and societal factors. Drawing from international experiences, it is evident that robust government support and a skilled workforce are critical for the successful establishment of a fusion pilot plant.
In this project, initial screening criteria were formulated based on regulatory frameworks, international best practices, technical needs, external hazards, environmental impact, societal considerations, and stakeholder feedback. These criteria, which included both exclusionary and discretionary elements, were applied across the Nordic region using geospatial analysis as the first step. This process led to the identification of primary focus areas, which were then examined in greater detail to pinpoint potential sites.
The report recommends advancing the siting process within these primary areas through site-specific studies to ensure alignment with the preliminary criteria. It also highlights the need for ongoing dialogue with local stakeholders and regulators to clarify how current regulations should be applied to fusion projects in each country. Ultimately, maintaining a transparent siting process is essential for sustaining public trust, as it openly addresses both the benefits and risks associated with deploying fusion technology.
The next steps are to further develop the Nordic ecosystem for fusion and to conduct additional studies to identify the most suitable site options for N3.