Abstract
The European Union (EU) has set a binding greenhouse gas
(GHG) emission reduction target for transportation
biofuels and other bioliquids. In this study, the GHG
emissions of various biofuel chains considered as
relevant in large-scale production in Finland were
calculated in accordance with the EU sustainability
criteria. Special attention was paid to uncertainties and
the sensitivities of certain parameters. According to the
results, it is impossible in many cases to unambiguously
conclude whether or not a biofuel chain passes the
emission-saving limit provided by the EU. This may reduce
the willingness to invest in biofuel production. Major
sources of uncertainties and sensitivities are nitrous
oxide emissions from soil and nitrogen fertilisation,
emissions of process heat production and soil carbon
stock changes in biomass production. Several propositions
are made in order to reduce the uncertainty of the
results and to make the EU sustainability criteria for
biofuels more harmonised and accurate
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 440-448 |
Journal | Applied Energy |
Volume | 102 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2013 |
MoE publication type | A1 Journal article-refereed |
Keywords
- EU sustainability criteria
- greenhouse gas emissions
- transportation biofuels
- uncertainly