Abstract
We report pilot-scale manufactured low-cost
pigment-cellulose nanofibril (PCNF) composite and its
application as a separator-substrate in printed graphene
and carbon nanotube supercapacitors. The developed
low-cost nanoporous composites utilize novel raw
materials based on micro- and nanoscale cellulose and
inorganic pigment. In this study we varied composition of
kaolin pigments and cellulose micro- or nanofibrils (CMF
/CNF) fibrillated with different methods: grinding,
fluidization and enzymatic. Totally four different CMF
and CNF grades were tested in composites. We concluded
that from unbleached softwood kraft pulp ground
lignocellulose nanofibrils (LCNF), in mass portion of
20%, produced stiff and flexible film structures together
with kaolin pigments (80%) and simultaneously had a good
dewatering profile. Really smooth and even surfaces can
be also manufactured from TEMPO oxidized cellulose
nanofibrils (TCNF) and kaolin, but due to TCNF high
fibrillation degree and relative surface area the
dewatering of composites was a challenge. Overall, higher
kaolin amounts (80%) improved dimensional stability of
composites compared to lower amounts (50%) and the drying
shrinkage during film forming was controllable. The
forming parameters like pre-drying of composites, using
of polyelectrolytes and activation method of cellulose
micro or nanofibrils have a significant effect on the
film properties like surface formation and smoothness.
It was also demonstrated that in addition to the
smoothness, the porosity is the most relevant property
for the substrate. A semi-industrial scale pilot line was
successfully used to produce smooth, flexible and
nanoporous composites and their performance was tested in
a double functional separator-substrate element in
supercapacitors. Further, the nanostructural carbon films
printed on the composite worked simultaneously as high
surface area active electrodes and current collectors.
Environmentally friendly materials used in low-cost
supercapacitors have a potential to be used in flexible,
wearable and disposable low-end products.
Original language | English |
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Title of host publication | Book of Abstracts |
Publisher | TAPPI Press |
Publication status | Published - 2016 |
Event | TAPPI International Conference on Nanotechnology for Renewable Materials, NANO 2016 - Grenoble, France Duration: 13 Jun 2016 → 16 Jun 2016 |
Conference
Conference | TAPPI International Conference on Nanotechnology for Renewable Materials, NANO 2016 |
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Abbreviated title | NANO 2016 |
Country/Territory | France |
City | Grenoble |
Period | 13/06/16 → 16/06/16 |
Keywords
- pigment
- nanocellulose
- energy storages
- nanoporosity
- composite
- cellulose nanofibrils (CNF)