TY - JOUR
T1 - Impact of torrefaction on the chemical structure of birch wood
AU - Khazraie Shoulaifar, Tooran
AU - Demartini, Nikolai
AU - Willför, Stefan
AU - Pranovich, Andrey
AU - Smeds, Annika I.
AU - Virtanen, Tommi Antti Petteri
AU - Maunu, Sirkka Liisa
AU - Verhoeff, Fred
AU - Kiel, Jacop H.A.
AU - Hupa, Mikko
PY - 2014/6/19
Y1 - 2014/6/19
N2 - Torrefaction is the thermal pretreatment of biomass at temperatures of 200-300 °C in an inert atmosphere with the objectives of improving resistance to biodegradation, reducing hydrophilicity, improving grindability and increasing energy density. In this work, we studied the effect of torrefaction temperature (240-280 °C) on the chemistry of birch wood. The samples were from a pilot plant at ECN, and in that way, they were representative of industrially produced samples. We have measured the concentration of hemicellulose and cellulose; changes in the extractives content and composition; and in the lignin structure. We used acid methanolysis and acid hydrolysis for hemicellulose and cellulose analysis, respectively; Klason lignin method, 13C CP-MAS NMR, Dipolar Dephasing NMR, and Py-GC-MS analysis for lignin characterization; and acetone extraction, HPSEC, GC-FID, and GC-MS analysis for extractives characterization. The results provide a more complete picture of the chemical changes in wood by torrefaction.
AB - Torrefaction is the thermal pretreatment of biomass at temperatures of 200-300 °C in an inert atmosphere with the objectives of improving resistance to biodegradation, reducing hydrophilicity, improving grindability and increasing energy density. In this work, we studied the effect of torrefaction temperature (240-280 °C) on the chemistry of birch wood. The samples were from a pilot plant at ECN, and in that way, they were representative of industrially produced samples. We have measured the concentration of hemicellulose and cellulose; changes in the extractives content and composition; and in the lignin structure. We used acid methanolysis and acid hydrolysis for hemicellulose and cellulose analysis, respectively; Klason lignin method, 13C CP-MAS NMR, Dipolar Dephasing NMR, and Py-GC-MS analysis for lignin characterization; and acetone extraction, HPSEC, GC-FID, and GC-MS analysis for extractives characterization. The results provide a more complete picture of the chemical changes in wood by torrefaction.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84903206568&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/ef5004683
DO - 10.1021/ef5004683
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84903206568
SN - 0887-0624
VL - 28
SP - 3863
EP - 3872
JO - Energy & Fuels
JF - Energy & Fuels
IS - 6
ER -
