Impact of torrefaction on the chemical structure of birch wood

Tooran Khazraie Shoulaifar; Nikolai Demartini; Stefan Willför; Andrey Pranovich; Annika I. Smeds; Tommi Antti Petteri Virtanen; Sirkka Liisa Maunu; Fred Verhoeff; Jacop H.A. Kiel; Mikko Hupa

doi:10.1021/ef5004683

Impact of torrefaction on the chemical structure of birch wood

Tooran Khazraie Shoulaifar (Corresponding Author), Nikolai Demartini, Stefan Willför, Andrey Pranovich, Annika I. Smeds, Tommi Antti Petteri Virtanen, Sirkka Liisa Maunu, Fred Verhoeff, Jacop H.A. Kiel, Mikko Hupa

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Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

41 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Torrefaction is the thermal pretreatment of biomass at temperatures of 200-300 °C in an inert atmosphere with the objectives of improving resistance to biodegradation, reducing hydrophilicity, improving grindability and increasing energy density. In this work, we studied the effect of torrefaction temperature (240-280 °C) on the chemistry of birch wood. The samples were from a pilot plant at ECN, and in that way, they were representative of industrially produced samples. We have measured the concentration of hemicellulose and cellulose; changes in the extractives content and composition; and in the lignin structure. We used acid methanolysis and acid hydrolysis for hemicellulose and cellulose analysis, respectively; Klason lignin method, ¹³C CP-MAS NMR, Dipolar Dephasing NMR, and Py-GC-MS analysis for lignin characterization; and acetone extraction, HPSEC, GC-FID, and GC-MS analysis for extractives characterization. The results provide a more complete picture of the chemical changes in wood by torrefaction.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	3863-3872
Number of pages	10
Journal	Energy and Fuels
Volume	28
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/ef5004683
Publication status	Published - 19 Jun 2014
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

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Khazraie Shoulaifar, T., Demartini, N., Willför, S., Pranovich, A., Smeds, A. I., Virtanen, T. A. P., Maunu, S. L., Verhoeff, F., Kiel, J. H. A., & Hupa, M. (2014). Impact of torrefaction on the chemical structure of birch wood. Energy and Fuels, 28(6), 3863-3872. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef5004683

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title = "Impact of torrefaction on the chemical structure of birch wood",

abstract = "Torrefaction is the thermal pretreatment of biomass at temperatures of 200-300 °C in an inert atmosphere with the objectives of improving resistance to biodegradation, reducing hydrophilicity, improving grindability and increasing energy density. In this work, we studied the effect of torrefaction temperature (240-280 °C) on the chemistry of birch wood. The samples were from a pilot plant at ECN, and in that way, they were representative of industrially produced samples. We have measured the concentration of hemicellulose and cellulose; changes in the extractives content and composition; and in the lignin structure. We used acid methanolysis and acid hydrolysis for hemicellulose and cellulose analysis, respectively; Klason lignin method, 13C CP-MAS NMR, Dipolar Dephasing NMR, and Py-GC-MS analysis for lignin characterization; and acetone extraction, HPSEC, GC-FID, and GC-MS analysis for extractives characterization. The results provide a more complete picture of the chemical changes in wood by torrefaction.",

author = "{Khazraie Shoulaifar}, Tooran and Nikolai Demartini and Stefan Willf{\"o}r and Andrey Pranovich and Smeds, {Annika I.} and Virtanen, {Tommi Antti Petteri} and Maunu, {Sirkka Liisa} and Fred Verhoeff and Kiel, {Jacop H.A.} and Mikko Hupa",

year = "2014",

month = jun,

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doi = "10.1021/ef5004683",

language = "English",

volume = "28",

pages = "3863--3872",

journal = "Energy & Fuels",

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publisher = "American Chemical Society ACS",

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Impact of torrefaction on the chemical structure of birch wood. / Khazraie Shoulaifar, Tooran (Corresponding Author); Demartini, Nikolai; Willför, Stefan; Pranovich, Andrey; Smeds, Annika I.; Virtanen, Tommi Antti Petteri; Maunu, Sirkka Liisa; Verhoeff, Fred; Kiel, Jacop H.A.; Hupa, Mikko.

In: Energy and Fuels, Vol. 28, No. 6, 19.06.2014, p. 3863-3872.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Impact of torrefaction on the chemical structure of birch wood

AU - Khazraie Shoulaifar, Tooran

AU - Demartini, Nikolai

AU - Willför, Stefan

AU - Pranovich, Andrey

AU - Smeds, Annika I.

AU - Virtanen, Tommi Antti Petteri

AU - Maunu, Sirkka Liisa

AU - Verhoeff, Fred

AU - Kiel, Jacop H.A.

AU - Hupa, Mikko

PY - 2014/6/19

Y1 - 2014/6/19

N2 - Torrefaction is the thermal pretreatment of biomass at temperatures of 200-300 °C in an inert atmosphere with the objectives of improving resistance to biodegradation, reducing hydrophilicity, improving grindability and increasing energy density. In this work, we studied the effect of torrefaction temperature (240-280 °C) on the chemistry of birch wood. The samples were from a pilot plant at ECN, and in that way, they were representative of industrially produced samples. We have measured the concentration of hemicellulose and cellulose; changes in the extractives content and composition; and in the lignin structure. We used acid methanolysis and acid hydrolysis for hemicellulose and cellulose analysis, respectively; Klason lignin method, 13C CP-MAS NMR, Dipolar Dephasing NMR, and Py-GC-MS analysis for lignin characterization; and acetone extraction, HPSEC, GC-FID, and GC-MS analysis for extractives characterization. The results provide a more complete picture of the chemical changes in wood by torrefaction.

AB - Torrefaction is the thermal pretreatment of biomass at temperatures of 200-300 °C in an inert atmosphere with the objectives of improving resistance to biodegradation, reducing hydrophilicity, improving grindability and increasing energy density. In this work, we studied the effect of torrefaction temperature (240-280 °C) on the chemistry of birch wood. The samples were from a pilot plant at ECN, and in that way, they were representative of industrially produced samples. We have measured the concentration of hemicellulose and cellulose; changes in the extractives content and composition; and in the lignin structure. We used acid methanolysis and acid hydrolysis for hemicellulose and cellulose analysis, respectively; Klason lignin method, 13C CP-MAS NMR, Dipolar Dephasing NMR, and Py-GC-MS analysis for lignin characterization; and acetone extraction, HPSEC, GC-FID, and GC-MS analysis for extractives characterization. The results provide a more complete picture of the chemical changes in wood by torrefaction.

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10.1021/ef5004683

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