IMPACT2010 (IMPACT) and Structures under soft impact (SUSI): IMPACT and SUSI summary report

The IMPACT testing facility has been built to investigate the impact of deformable missiles on concrete structures [1]. The test facility is designed for medium scale tests the maximum missile weight of 50 to 100 kg depending on the missile velocity in the range 100 to 200 m/s. The Impact project is mainly concentrated to the research of soft missile impacts on concrete walls, but also several tests have been carried out using hard steel missiles. The main purpose of the project is to produce data for verifying and developing numerical models and methods. This work has been carried out within the SUSI project [2, 3]. The spread of liquid fuel as a result of an intentional or accidental aircraft crash may cause a sudden fire with hazardous effects on the safety of the NPP. The spread phenomena have been studied at VTT in the IMPACT tests where the missile is filled by water (called wet missile tests) [4]. The goals of the study are to increase a general knowledge of the liquid dispersion phenomena under impact conditions, measure the most important test parameters to be used in validation of simulation techniques, and take in use and validate suitable simulation methods than can be used for the determination of fuel spread and fire risk following an airplane crash. The Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) program is found to be a useful tool for the problem, and the program will be applied in future also.