TY - JOUR
T1 - Improving Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oil Yield and Quality by Alkali Removal from Feedstock
AU - Pienihäkkinen, Elmeri
AU - Lindfors, Christian
AU - Ohra-aho, Taina
AU - Oasmaa, Anja
N1 - Funding Information:
Jaana Korhonen, Sirpa Lehtinen, Elina Raineva, Mirja Muhola, Atte Mikkelson, Jarna Teikari, and Marita Ikonen are acknowledged for their analytical work. Joona Lahtinen, Joni Rantala, Pekka Saarimäki, and Jouko Kukkonen are acknowledged for performing and helping with the pyrolysis experiments. This research was funded by European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (Project “4REFINERY”, grant agreement no. 727531).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.
PY - 2022/4/7
Y1 - 2022/4/7
N2 - Alkali removal from forest residues, eucalyptus residues, and wheat straw was studied by water and dilute nitric acid leaching. Leaching parameters were optimized for each feedstock in laboratory-scale experiments. After the optimization of leaching on the laboratory scale, nitric acid-leached and untreated feedstocks were pyrolyzed in a bench-scale bubbling fluidized bed unit. In the case of eucalyptus residues and wheat straw, nitric acid leaching was found to increase the organic liquid yield compared to untreated feedstock. In addition, the sugar content of the fast pyrolysis bio-oils was increased, and the alkali content reduced. On the other hand, the pyrolysis experiments with acid-leached forest residues were unsuccessful due to the bed agglomeration. These problems are expected to be a result of the lack of catalytically active elements in biomass which enhance especially the cracking reactions of lignin. Finally, the results were demonstrated in the pilot-scale unit where nitric acid-leached oat straw was pyrolyzed with high organic liquid yield.
AB - Alkali removal from forest residues, eucalyptus residues, and wheat straw was studied by water and dilute nitric acid leaching. Leaching parameters were optimized for each feedstock in laboratory-scale experiments. After the optimization of leaching on the laboratory scale, nitric acid-leached and untreated feedstocks were pyrolyzed in a bench-scale bubbling fluidized bed unit. In the case of eucalyptus residues and wheat straw, nitric acid leaching was found to increase the organic liquid yield compared to untreated feedstock. In addition, the sugar content of the fast pyrolysis bio-oils was increased, and the alkali content reduced. On the other hand, the pyrolysis experiments with acid-leached forest residues were unsuccessful due to the bed agglomeration. These problems are expected to be a result of the lack of catalytically active elements in biomass which enhance especially the cracking reactions of lignin. Finally, the results were demonstrated in the pilot-scale unit where nitric acid-leached oat straw was pyrolyzed with high organic liquid yield.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85127917924&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c04331
DO - 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c04331
M3 - Article
C2 - 35422574
SN - 0887-0624
VL - 36
SP - 3654
EP - 3664
JO - Energy & Fuels
JF - Energy & Fuels
IS - 7
ER -
