Interaction between ice and propeller

This report represents a short state-of-art review for work aiming to achieve a practical dimensioning tool for ice-operating ship machineries. The main emphasis is on various models of propeller ice/interaction. This has been chosen as the starting point since the loads imparted to the shaft system originate from the propeller. Further work is needed to cover the requirements of the shaft modelling. The most important existing models of propeller-ice interaction are presented. The equations are worked out and the theoretical idea of each method is discussed. A few published field measurements are briefly described. The areas of lack of knowledge have been discussed. The present ice-regulations for machineries are also presented briefly - only the basics without details of the equations. It is revealed that the physical background for the ice load is vague.