Investigating the energy resilience performance of the energy flexible enabled new and old house integrated with renewable energy in cold climatic conditions

The buildings face two-fold challenges of climate change and energy crisis. To tackle these challenges future proof buildings are needed that are flexible and resilient. The aim of the article is to model and compare the energy performance of the old (1970s) and new (2000s) single family building integrated with the photovoltaic (PV) in cold climatic condition of Finland. The objective is to compare the building’s performance in terms of energy flexibility and resilience as both are competing for the same resources. It is found that flexibility factor and energy cost saving is higher in the old building integrated with PV compared to the new building. In terms of energy resilience, the new building showed better robustness against power outage compared to the old building. As the indoor set point temperature increased from 20 oC to 23 oC (due to flexibility) the resilience performance increased, however the recovery speed is slow, and the amplitude of failure (AoF) is higher. When PV is added the robustness and habitability duration improved, the AoF reduced, and the recovery speed improved. To tackle the future challenges the buildings, have to be flexible and resilient at the same time. Therefore, both these concepts have to be studied together to provide optimal building design and controls of renewables.