Investigating the energy resilience performance of the old and new buildings integrated with solar photovoltaic and storage under extreme Nordic conditions

In addition to other good features, nowadays buildings have to be ready to cope with different sudden events. The objective of this article is to compare the energy resilience performance, in terms of heating during blackouts, of two single family building designs, an old 1970s and a new 2020s, that are integrated with a photovoltaic (PV) panel and battery in the Nordic cold climate of Finland. This was conducted by using the TRNSYS building performance simulation tool. The results showed that without PV and battery, the old building failed to maintain the habitability threshold while the new building remained habitable without PV. With 100 m2 PV and 89 kWh battery, the resilience performance increased as both the habitability duration and recovery speed increased while the collapse speed and impact of failure decreased. With smaller PV (50 m2 ) and battery (44 kWh), the new building provided maximum performance compared to the old building. The degree of disruption varied from 0.372 (old building) to 0 (new building, depending on the case). As a conclusion, to address the future challenges, it is important to consider energy resilience in the design of new buildings and renovations.