Laboratory indentation tests with thick freshwater ice. Vol. 1

Ari Muhonen, Tuomo Kärnä, Esa Eranti, Kaj Riska, Erkki Järvinen, Eila Lehmus

Research output: Book/Report › Report › Professional

Abstract

A series of ice indentation tests was carried out in a small ice basin between October 1989 and February 1990. The tests were performed by horizontally loading a floating sheet of columnar grained freshwater ice with an indenter which was installed in front of a single-degree-of-freedom structure. The maximum indentation force available was 400 kN. The main concern was on the inplane and inclined indenters and velocities of 10 to 80 mm/s. The other parameters varied included aspect ratio, ice thickness and the dynamic parameters of the structure. The quantities measured were forces, displacements, accelerations, strains and local pressures. Two video cameras and a high speed camera were used to record visual observations. Of the 77 tests made the report presents 11. The time histories of the other tests are given in volume II. The interaction was found to be cyclic. The structure stood still or moved slowly forward during the loading phase and surged forward extruding the crushed ice when the force dropped. The maximum force level was limited by the formation of vertical or circumferential shear cracks symmetrically on both sides of the horizontal center line of the ice sheet. They reached across the whole contact face. The remaining ice wedge was crushed. The pressure distribution in this phase was linelike.
Original languageEnglish
Place of PublicationEspoo
PublisherVTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
Number of pages195
ISBN (Print)951-38-4183-9
Publication statusPublished - 1992
MoE publication typeNot Eligible

Publication series

NameVTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes
PublisherVTT
No.1370
ISSN (Print)1235-0605
ISSN (Electronic)1455-0865

Fingerprint

indentation
ice
stand structure
ice thickness
ice sheet
crack
test
laboratory
history
basin

Keywords

  • fresh water
  • ice
  • floating ice
  • ice loads
  • indentation
  • tests
  • loads (forces)
  • loading
  • measuring instruments
  • visual surveillance
  • calibrating
  • dynamics
  • interactions
  • pressure
  • ice breakup
  • ships
  • marine engineering
  • naval architecture
  • offshore structures
  • high speed photography

Cite this

Muhonen, A., Kärnä, T., Eranti, E., Riska, K., Järvinen, E., & Lehmus, E. (1992). Laboratory indentation tests with thick freshwater ice. Vol. 1. Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes, No. 1370
Muhonen, Ari ; Kärnä, Tuomo ; Eranti, Esa ; Riska, Kaj ; Järvinen, Erkki ; Lehmus, Eila. / Laboratory indentation tests with thick freshwater ice. Vol. 1. Espoo : VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, 1992. 195 p. (VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes; No. 1370).
@book{6b08e6702cd1461eb9131756269a9666,
title = "Laboratory indentation tests with thick freshwater ice. Vol. 1",
abstract = "A series of ice indentation tests was carried out in a small ice basin between October 1989 and February 1990. The tests were performed by horizontally loading a floating sheet of columnar grained freshwater ice with an indenter which was installed in front of a single-degree-of-freedom structure. The maximum indentation force available was 400 kN. The main concern was on the inplane and inclined indenters and velocities of 10 to 80 mm/s. The other parameters varied included aspect ratio, ice thickness and the dynamic parameters of the structure. The quantities measured were forces, displacements, accelerations, strains and local pressures. Two video cameras and a high speed camera were used to record visual observations. Of the 77 tests made the report presents 11. The time histories of the other tests are given in volume II. The interaction was found to be cyclic. The structure stood still or moved slowly forward during the loading phase and surged forward extruding the crushed ice when the force dropped. The maximum force level was limited by the formation of vertical or circumferential shear cracks symmetrically on both sides of the horizontal center line of the ice sheet. They reached across the whole contact face. The remaining ice wedge was crushed. The pressure distribution in this phase was linelike.",
keywords = "fresh water, ice, floating ice, ice loads, indentation, tests, loads (forces), loading, measuring instruments, visual surveillance, calibrating, dynamics, interactions, pressure, ice breakup, ships, marine engineering, naval architecture, offshore structures, high speed photography",
author = "Ari Muhonen and Tuomo K{\"a}rn{\"a} and Esa Eranti and Kaj Riska and Erkki J{\"a}rvinen and Eila Lehmus",
year = "1992",
language = "English",
isbn = "951-38-4183-9",
series = "VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes",
publisher = "VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland",
number = "1370",
address = "Finland",

}

Muhonen, A, Kärnä, T, Eranti, E, Riska, K, Järvinen, E & Lehmus, E 1992, Laboratory indentation tests with thick freshwater ice. Vol. 1. VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes, no. 1370, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo.

Laboratory indentation tests with thick freshwater ice. Vol. 1. / Muhonen, Ari; Kärnä, Tuomo; Eranti, Esa; Riska, Kaj; Järvinen, Erkki; Lehmus, Eila.

Espoo : VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, 1992. 195 p. (VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes; No. 1370).

Research output: Book/Report › Report › Professional

TY - BOOK

T1 - Laboratory indentation tests with thick freshwater ice. Vol. 1

AU - Muhonen, Ari

AU - Kärnä, Tuomo

AU - Eranti, Esa

AU - Riska, Kaj

AU - Järvinen, Erkki

AU - Lehmus, Eila

PY - 1992

Y1 - 1992

N2 - A series of ice indentation tests was carried out in a small ice basin between October 1989 and February 1990. The tests were performed by horizontally loading a floating sheet of columnar grained freshwater ice with an indenter which was installed in front of a single-degree-of-freedom structure. The maximum indentation force available was 400 kN. The main concern was on the inplane and inclined indenters and velocities of 10 to 80 mm/s. The other parameters varied included aspect ratio, ice thickness and the dynamic parameters of the structure. The quantities measured were forces, displacements, accelerations, strains and local pressures. Two video cameras and a high speed camera were used to record visual observations. Of the 77 tests made the report presents 11. The time histories of the other tests are given in volume II. The interaction was found to be cyclic. The structure stood still or moved slowly forward during the loading phase and surged forward extruding the crushed ice when the force dropped. The maximum force level was limited by the formation of vertical or circumferential shear cracks symmetrically on both sides of the horizontal center line of the ice sheet. They reached across the whole contact face. The remaining ice wedge was crushed. The pressure distribution in this phase was linelike.

AB - A series of ice indentation tests was carried out in a small ice basin between October 1989 and February 1990. The tests were performed by horizontally loading a floating sheet of columnar grained freshwater ice with an indenter which was installed in front of a single-degree-of-freedom structure. The maximum indentation force available was 400 kN. The main concern was on the inplane and inclined indenters and velocities of 10 to 80 mm/s. The other parameters varied included aspect ratio, ice thickness and the dynamic parameters of the structure. The quantities measured were forces, displacements, accelerations, strains and local pressures. Two video cameras and a high speed camera were used to record visual observations. Of the 77 tests made the report presents 11. The time histories of the other tests are given in volume II. The interaction was found to be cyclic. The structure stood still or moved slowly forward during the loading phase and surged forward extruding the crushed ice when the force dropped. The maximum force level was limited by the formation of vertical or circumferential shear cracks symmetrically on both sides of the horizontal center line of the ice sheet. They reached across the whole contact face. The remaining ice wedge was crushed. The pressure distribution in this phase was linelike.

KW - fresh water

KW - ice

KW - floating ice

KW - ice loads

KW - indentation

KW - tests

KW - loads (forces)

KW - loading

KW - measuring instruments

KW - visual surveillance

KW - calibrating

KW - dynamics

KW - interactions

KW - pressure

KW - ice breakup

KW - ships

KW - marine engineering

KW - naval architecture

KW - offshore structures

KW - high speed photography

M3 - Report

SN - 951-38-4183-9

T3 - VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes

BT - Laboratory indentation tests with thick freshwater ice. Vol. 1

PB - VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland

CY - Espoo

ER -

Muhonen A, Kärnä T, Eranti E, Riska K, Järvinen E, Lehmus E. Laboratory indentation tests with thick freshwater ice. Vol. 1. Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, 1992. 195 p. (VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes; No. 1370).