Laboratory indentation tests with thick freshwater ice. Vol. 1

Ari Muhonen, Tuomo Kärnä, Esa Eranti, Kaj Riska, Erkki Järvinen, Eila Lehmus

    Research output: Book/Report › Report

    Abstract

    A series of ice indentation tests was carried out in a small ice basin between October 1989 and February 1990. The tests were performed by horizontally loading a floating sheet of columnar grained freshwater ice with an indenter which was installed in front of a single-degree-of-freedom structure. The maximum indentation force available was 400 kN. The main concern was on the inplane and inclined indenters and velocities of 10 to 80 mm/s. The other parameters varied included aspect ratio, ice thickness and the dynamic parameters of the structure. The quantities measured were forces, displacements, accelerations, strains and local pressures. Two video cameras and a high speed camera were used to record visual observations. Of the 77 tests made the report presents 11. The time histories of the other tests are given in volume II. The interaction was found to be cyclic. The structure stood still or moved slowly forward during the loading phase and surged forward extruding the crushed ice when the force dropped. The maximum force level was limited by the formation of vertical or circumferential shear cracks symmetrically on both sides of the horizontal center line of the ice sheet. They reached across the whole contact face. The remaining ice wedge was crushed. The pressure distribution in this phase was linelike.
    Original languageEnglish
    Place of PublicationEspoo
    PublisherVTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
    Number of pages195
    ISBN (Print)951-38-4183-9
    Publication statusPublished - 1992
    MoE publication typeNot Eligible

    Publication series

    SeriesVTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes
    Number1370
    ISSN1235-0605

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    indentation
    ice
    stand structure
    ice thickness
    ice sheet
    crack
    test
    laboratory
    history
    basin

    Keywords

    • fresh water
    • ice
    • floating ice
    • ice loads
    • indentation
    • tests
    • loads (forces)
    • loading
    • measuring instruments
    • visual surveillance
    • calibrating
    • dynamics
    • interactions
    • pressure
    • ice breakup
    • ships
    • marine engineering
    • naval architecture
    • offshore structures
    • high speed photography

    Cite this

    Muhonen, A., Kärnä, T., Eranti, E., Riska, K., Järvinen, E., & Lehmus, E. (1992). Laboratory indentation tests with thick freshwater ice. Vol. 1. Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes, No. 1370
    Muhonen, Ari ; Kärnä, Tuomo ; Eranti, Esa ; Riska, Kaj ; Järvinen, Erkki ; Lehmus, Eila. / Laboratory indentation tests with thick freshwater ice. Vol. 1. Espoo : VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, 1992. 195 p. (VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes; No. 1370).
    @book{6b08e6702cd1461eb9131756269a9666,
    title = "Laboratory indentation tests with thick freshwater ice. Vol. 1",
    abstract = "A series of ice indentation tests was carried out in a small ice basin between October 1989 and February 1990. The tests were performed by horizontally loading a floating sheet of columnar grained freshwater ice with an indenter which was installed in front of a single-degree-of-freedom structure. The maximum indentation force available was 400 kN. The main concern was on the inplane and inclined indenters and velocities of 10 to 80 mm/s. The other parameters varied included aspect ratio, ice thickness and the dynamic parameters of the structure. The quantities measured were forces, displacements, accelerations, strains and local pressures. Two video cameras and a high speed camera were used to record visual observations. Of the 77 tests made the report presents 11. The time histories of the other tests are given in volume II. The interaction was found to be cyclic. The structure stood still or moved slowly forward during the loading phase and surged forward extruding the crushed ice when the force dropped. The maximum force level was limited by the formation of vertical or circumferential shear cracks symmetrically on both sides of the horizontal center line of the ice sheet. They reached across the whole contact face. The remaining ice wedge was crushed. The pressure distribution in this phase was linelike.",
    keywords = "fresh water, ice, floating ice, ice loads, indentation, tests, loads (forces), loading, measuring instruments, visual surveillance, calibrating, dynamics, interactions, pressure, ice breakup, ships, marine engineering, naval architecture, offshore structures, high speed photography",
    author = "Ari Muhonen and Tuomo K{\"a}rn{\"a} and Esa Eranti and Kaj Riska and Erkki J{\"a}rvinen and Eila Lehmus",
    year = "1992",
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    Muhonen, A, Kärnä, T, Eranti, E, Riska, K, Järvinen, E & Lehmus, E 1992, Laboratory indentation tests with thick freshwater ice. Vol. 1. VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes, no. 1370, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo.

    Laboratory indentation tests with thick freshwater ice. Vol. 1. / Muhonen, Ari; Kärnä, Tuomo; Eranti, Esa; Riska, Kaj; Järvinen, Erkki; Lehmus, Eila.

    Espoo : VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, 1992. 195 p. (VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes; No. 1370).

    Research output: Book/Report › Report

    TY - BOOK

    T1 - Laboratory indentation tests with thick freshwater ice. Vol. 1

    AU - Muhonen, Ari

    AU - Kärnä, Tuomo

    AU - Eranti, Esa

    AU - Riska, Kaj

    AU - Järvinen, Erkki

    AU - Lehmus, Eila

    PY - 1992

    Y1 - 1992

    N2 - A series of ice indentation tests was carried out in a small ice basin between October 1989 and February 1990. The tests were performed by horizontally loading a floating sheet of columnar grained freshwater ice with an indenter which was installed in front of a single-degree-of-freedom structure. The maximum indentation force available was 400 kN. The main concern was on the inplane and inclined indenters and velocities of 10 to 80 mm/s. The other parameters varied included aspect ratio, ice thickness and the dynamic parameters of the structure. The quantities measured were forces, displacements, accelerations, strains and local pressures. Two video cameras and a high speed camera were used to record visual observations. Of the 77 tests made the report presents 11. The time histories of the other tests are given in volume II. The interaction was found to be cyclic. The structure stood still or moved slowly forward during the loading phase and surged forward extruding the crushed ice when the force dropped. The maximum force level was limited by the formation of vertical or circumferential shear cracks symmetrically on both sides of the horizontal center line of the ice sheet. They reached across the whole contact face. The remaining ice wedge was crushed. The pressure distribution in this phase was linelike.

    AB - A series of ice indentation tests was carried out in a small ice basin between October 1989 and February 1990. The tests were performed by horizontally loading a floating sheet of columnar grained freshwater ice with an indenter which was installed in front of a single-degree-of-freedom structure. The maximum indentation force available was 400 kN. The main concern was on the inplane and inclined indenters and velocities of 10 to 80 mm/s. The other parameters varied included aspect ratio, ice thickness and the dynamic parameters of the structure. The quantities measured were forces, displacements, accelerations, strains and local pressures. Two video cameras and a high speed camera were used to record visual observations. Of the 77 tests made the report presents 11. The time histories of the other tests are given in volume II. The interaction was found to be cyclic. The structure stood still or moved slowly forward during the loading phase and surged forward extruding the crushed ice when the force dropped. The maximum force level was limited by the formation of vertical or circumferential shear cracks symmetrically on both sides of the horizontal center line of the ice sheet. They reached across the whole contact face. The remaining ice wedge was crushed. The pressure distribution in this phase was linelike.

    KW - fresh water

    KW - ice

    KW - floating ice

    KW - ice loads

    KW - indentation

    KW - tests

    KW - loads (forces)

    KW - loading

    KW - measuring instruments

    KW - visual surveillance

    KW - calibrating

    KW - dynamics

    KW - interactions

    KW - pressure

    KW - ice breakup

    KW - ships

    KW - marine engineering

    KW - naval architecture

    KW - offshore structures

    KW - high speed photography

    M3 - Report

    SN - 951-38-4183-9

    T3 - VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes

    BT - Laboratory indentation tests with thick freshwater ice. Vol. 1

    PB - VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland

    CY - Espoo

    ER -

    Muhonen A, Kärnä T, Eranti E, Riska K, Järvinen E, Lehmus E. Laboratory indentation tests with thick freshwater ice. Vol. 1. Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, 1992. 195 p. (VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes; No. 1370).