Lithium-ion capacitors using carbide-derived carbon as the positive electrode – A comparison of cells with graphite and Li4Ti5O12 as the negative electrode

Taina Rauhala; Jaan Leis; Tanja Kallio; Kai Vuorilehto

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.09.010

Lithium-ion capacitors using carbide-derived carbon as the positive electrode – A comparison of cells with graphite and Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ as the negative electrode

Taina Rauhala
, Jaan Leis
, Tanja Kallio
, Kai Vuorilehto^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Not published at VTT

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

62 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The use of carbide-derived carbon (CDC) as the positive electrode material for lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) is investigated. CDC based LIC cells are studied utilizing two different negative electrode materials: graphite and lithium titanate Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ (LTO). The graphite electrodes are prelithiated before assembling the LICs, and LTO containing cells are studied with and without prelithiation. The rate capability and cycle life stability during 1000 cycles are evaluated by galvanostatic cycling at current densities of 0.4–4 mA cm⁻². The CDC shows a specific capacitance of 120 F g⁻¹ in the organic lithium-containing electrolyte, and the LICs demonstrate a good stability over 1000 charge-discharge cycles. The choice of the negative electrode is found to have an effect on the utilization of the CDC positive electrode during cycling and on the specific energy of the device. The graphite/CDC cell delivers a maximum specific discharge energy of 90 Wh kg⁻¹ based on the total mass of active material in the cell. Both the prelithiated and non-prelithiated LTO/CDC cells show a specific energy of around 30 Wh kg⁻¹.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	156-166
Journal	Journal of Power Sources
Volume	331
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.09.010
Publication status	Published - 1 Nov 2016
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Funding

The authors wish to thank Skeleton Technologies OÜ for funding this work and providing the CDC material. Mr. Matti Nuutinen from Skeleton Technologies OÜ is gratefully acknowledged for scientific discussions and assistance in the electrochemical measurements. Dr. Matthias Hahn from EL-CELL GmbH is thanked for helpful scientific discussions. Academy of Finland is acknowledged for funding (DEMEC, SUPER and CloseLoop projects).

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

Keywords

Asymmetric capacitor
Carbide-derived carbon
Graphite
Hybrid supercapacitor
Lithium titanate
Lithium-ion capacitor

Access to Document

10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.09.010

Cite this

@article{6055834599924898bd3b3540dd63d9a9,

title = "Lithium-ion capacitors using carbide-derived carbon as the positive electrode – A comparison of cells with graphite and Li4Ti5O12 as the negative electrode",

abstract = "The use of carbide-derived carbon (CDC) as the positive electrode material for lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) is investigated. CDC based LIC cells are studied utilizing two different negative electrode materials: graphite and lithium titanate Li4Ti5O12 (LTO). The graphite electrodes are prelithiated before assembling the LICs, and LTO containing cells are studied with and without prelithiation. The rate capability and cycle life stability during 1000 cycles are evaluated by galvanostatic cycling at current densities of 0.4–4 mA cm−2. The CDC shows a specific capacitance of 120 F g−1 in the organic lithium-containing electrolyte, and the LICs demonstrate a good stability over 1000 charge-discharge cycles. The choice of the negative electrode is found to have an effect on the utilization of the CDC positive electrode during cycling and on the specific energy of the device. The graphite/CDC cell delivers a maximum specific discharge energy of 90 Wh kg−1 based on the total mass of active material in the cell. Both the prelithiated and non-prelithiated LTO/CDC cells show a specific energy of around 30 Wh kg−1.",

keywords = "Asymmetric capacitor, Carbide-derived carbon, Graphite, Hybrid supercapacitor, Lithium titanate, Lithium-ion capacitor",

author = "Taina Rauhala and Jaan Leis and Tanja Kallio and Kai Vuorilehto",

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AU - Rauhala, Taina

AU - Leis, Jaan

AU - Kallio, Tanja

AU - Vuorilehto, Kai

PY - 2016/11/1

Y1 - 2016/11/1

N2 - The use of carbide-derived carbon (CDC) as the positive electrode material for lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) is investigated. CDC based LIC cells are studied utilizing two different negative electrode materials: graphite and lithium titanate Li4Ti5O12 (LTO). The graphite electrodes are prelithiated before assembling the LICs, and LTO containing cells are studied with and without prelithiation. The rate capability and cycle life stability during 1000 cycles are evaluated by galvanostatic cycling at current densities of 0.4–4 mA cm−2. The CDC shows a specific capacitance of 120 F g−1 in the organic lithium-containing electrolyte, and the LICs demonstrate a good stability over 1000 charge-discharge cycles. The choice of the negative electrode is found to have an effect on the utilization of the CDC positive electrode during cycling and on the specific energy of the device. The graphite/CDC cell delivers a maximum specific discharge energy of 90 Wh kg−1 based on the total mass of active material in the cell. Both the prelithiated and non-prelithiated LTO/CDC cells show a specific energy of around 30 Wh kg−1.

AB - The use of carbide-derived carbon (CDC) as the positive electrode material for lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) is investigated. CDC based LIC cells are studied utilizing two different negative electrode materials: graphite and lithium titanate Li4Ti5O12 (LTO). The graphite electrodes are prelithiated before assembling the LICs, and LTO containing cells are studied with and without prelithiation. The rate capability and cycle life stability during 1000 cycles are evaluated by galvanostatic cycling at current densities of 0.4–4 mA cm−2. The CDC shows a specific capacitance of 120 F g−1 in the organic lithium-containing electrolyte, and the LICs demonstrate a good stability over 1000 charge-discharge cycles. The choice of the negative electrode is found to have an effect on the utilization of the CDC positive electrode during cycling and on the specific energy of the device. The graphite/CDC cell delivers a maximum specific discharge energy of 90 Wh kg−1 based on the total mass of active material in the cell. Both the prelithiated and non-prelithiated LTO/CDC cells show a specific energy of around 30 Wh kg−1.

KW - Asymmetric capacitor

KW - Carbide-derived carbon

KW - Graphite

KW - Hybrid supercapacitor

KW - Lithium titanate

KW - Lithium-ion capacitor

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