Mapping the discourse of Sustainable Development Goals: a mixed-method bibliometric and thematic exploration

Purpose: This study addresses the rapid growth of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)-related literature, aiming to analyze key themes and trends and propose an integrative framework for a holistic view of SDG research. Design/methodology/approach: Using a systematic literature review, both bibliometric and content analysis were applied. A search strategy identified core works across academic databases, followed by quantitative bibliometric mapping and qualitative thematic analysis. Findings: Four themes emerged: SDG operational constraints, sustainable strategies, types of innovation and research gaps. The study shows that mixed-methods yield a comprehensive understanding of SDG discourse, useful for navigating complex, multidisciplinary subjects. Research limitations/implications: The study’s database focus may limit its scope. Future research could expand on identified themes to enhance framework precision. Practical implications: This framework aids policymakers and practitioners in understanding SDG literature, supporting informed decision-making and innovation in sustainability practices. Social implications: The study enhances understanding of SDG strategies, supporting social initiatives aimed at environmental stewardship, social equity and resilience. Originality/value: This study introduces a novel mixed-methods approach to reviewing SDG literature, presenting an adaptable framework that guides future SDG studies and highlights mixed methods as particularly effective for this research area.